Fisheries

Originally created in 2001, the FAO Fisheries Glossary has been jointly upgraded by the Fisheries and Aquaculture Department and the Meeting Programming and Documentation Service. This upgrade stems from the need to have it become an integral part of the FAO Term Portal. It includes additional features, languages, and access to alternative definitions for currently existing terms in the FAO Term Portal. As at October 2014, the FAO Fisheries Glossary consists of approximately 1580 terms and definitions, grouped by subject areas, with relevant language equivalents being developed when new terms are added.

All definitions in the Glossary are provided with a “Definition source”, indicating the originator of the term and context in which the term is applied. Terms are provided by FAO as well as by other institutions collaborating with FAO. FAO remains the publisher of all terms, and FAO officers maintain and update definitions in their area of expertise in collaboration with originators.

This Glossary will serve to facilitate a clearer understanding and communication in FAO's long-term objective of achieving sustainable management and use of fisheries and aquaculture resources, enhancing international cooperation in these fields.

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Abbreviations and acronyms

Ab	Antibody	K	Coefficient of permeability (soil)
ABC	Acid-binding capacity	K	Condition factor (metric units)
AFNOR	French Standards Institute	K	Potassium
ASTM	American Society for Testing Materials	L/C	Letter of credit
BOD	Biochemical oxygen demand	LH	Luteinizing hormone
BSI	British Standards Institute	LH-RH	Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
BV	Biological value of protein	LH-RHa	Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue
C	Condition factor (anglo-saxon units)	LIS	Land Information Systems
C	Centigrades	LWMOST	Low water mark for ordinary spring tides
C	Carbon	MAP	Modified atmosphere packing
C:N ratio	Carbon/nitrogen ratio (composting)	ME	Metabolizable energy
Ca	Calcium	MSL	Mean sea level
CaO	Quicklime	MSY	Maximum sustainable yield
CAP	Controlled atmosphere packing	MWL	Mean water level
CBA	Cost-benefit analysis	n	Coefficient of roughness (hydraulics)
CBD	Convention on Biological Diversity	N	Nitrogen
CCP	Critical Control Point	n, 2n, 3n	Number of c hromosome sets in cells
CCRF	Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries	NASA	National Aeronautical and Space Administration ( USA )
CIF	Cost, insurance and freight	N_b	Effective breeding efficiency
CI	Chlorinity	NDP	Net domestic product
COD	Chemical oxygen demand	N_e	Effective breeding number
CPI	Consumer Price In dex	NGO	Non-governmental organization
CPR	Common property resource	NNP	Net National Product
CZM	Coastal zone management	NOD	Nitrogenous oxygen demand
DC	Apparent digestibility coefficient	NPU	(Apparent) net protein utilization
DE	Apparent digestible energy	NPV	Net present value
DIN	German Standards Institute	O	Oxygen
DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid	OECD	Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
DO	Dissolved oxygen	P	Phosphorus
DSP	Diarrheic shellfish poisoning	P	Parental generation in a breeding programme
E	Hanging ratio (fishing net)	PCR	Polymerase chain reaction
EAA	Essential amino acid	PER	Protein efficiency ratio
EFA	Essential fatty acid	PET	Potential evapotranspiration
EIA	Environmental Impact Assessment	pH	Hydrogen potential
EQS	Environmental quality standards	PL	Postlarva (crustaceans)
F	Coefficient of inbreeding	PO	Purchase order
F1, F2, F3	First, second, generation produced during a breeding programme	PPI	Producer Price Index
FC	Feed conversion	PPP US$	Purchasing Power Parity (in US$)
FCE	Feed conversion efficiency	PRA	Participatory rural appraisal
FCEs	Specific feed conversion efficiency	PSP	Paralytic shellfish poisoning
FCR	Feed conversion ratio	PUFA	Polyunsaturated fatty acid
FER	Feed efficiency ratio	PVC	Polyvinylchloride
FTB	Floating-type breakwater	QTLs	Quantitative traits loci
g	Instantaneous growth rate	RAPD	Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA
G	Specific growth rate	RD	Reference diet
GDI	Gender-related Development In dex	RNA	Ribonucleic acid
GDP	Gross Domestic Product	RNAvirus	Ribovirus
GEM	Gender empowerment	RPI	Retail price index
GIS	Geographical information systems	RRA	Rapid rural appraisal
GMO	Genetically Modified Organism	RS	Remote sensing
GNP	Gross national product	S	Salinity
GnRH	Gonadotropin releasing hormone	SBV	Methyl-orange alkalinity
GnRHa	Gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue	SCP	Single-cell proteins
GPS	Global positioning system	SGR	Specific growth rate
GRR	Relative growth rate	SIA	Social Impact Assessment
GSI	Gonado-somatic index	SPS Agreement	Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
GtH	Gonadotropin (hormone)	SRD	Standard reference diet
H	Hydrogen	SWB	Small water body
HACCP	Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points	T&V system	Training-and-visit system (extension)
HDI	Human Development In dex	TBT Agreement	Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade
HDPE	High density polyethylene	TDC	True digestion coefficient
HPI-1	Human Poverty In dex for developing countries	TDH	Total dynamic head
HPI-2	Human Poverty In dex for selected OECD countries	TDS	Total dissolved solids
HUFA	Highly unsaturated fatty acids	TOR	Terms of reference
HWMOST	High water mark for ordinary spring tides	USDA	United States Department of Agriculture
IAA	Integrated agriculture-aquaculture	UV	Ultraviolet radiation
ICAM	Integrated Coastal Area Management	VA	Additive genetic variance
ICID	International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage	VD	Dominance genetic variance
ICM	Integrated Coastal Management	VE	Environmental variance
ICZM	Integrated coastal zone management	VG	Genetic variance
IIA	Integrated irrigation-aquaculture	VI	Epistasis genetic variance
IPM	Integrated pest management	VP	Phenotypic variance
IRA	Import risk analysis	WPI	Wholesale Price In dex

Measurement units

ºC Degree Celsius	l Litre
ºF Degree Fahrenheit	m3 Cubic metre = 1 000 litres
nm Nanometre = 10-6 mm	mg Milligram
µm Micrometre = 10-3 mm	g Gram
mm Millimetre	kg Kilogram
cm Centimetre	t Metric tonne = 1 000 kg
m Metre	h Hour
km Kilometre	yr Year
m2 Square metre	ppt Parts per thousand
ha Hectare = 10 000 m2	ppm Parts per million