Achieving SDG 2 without breaching the 1.5 °C threshold: A Global Roadmap - Statement by Matilda Bartley, Deputy Permanent Representative of Samoa to the UN.

Excellencies, Distinguished Delegates, friends

At the outset let me thank FAO for organizing this important event duirng the First Preparatory Session for the Fourth SIDS Conference.  We have heard from experts and esteemed panelists on the various challenges faced by SIDS in achieving resilient agrifood systems.

The geographical limitations of SIDS pose unique challenges to agrifood systems. Limited land availability, coupled with susceptibility to extreme weather events, disrupts traditional agricultural practices. Rising sea levels threaten coastal areas, affecting both arable land and freshwater resources. The need for adaptive and resilient agricultural practices is paramount.

Climate change is a muti-faced problem that deeply impacts the most vulnerable populations. SIDS remain as the front runners in this crisis, our farming land is limited, and with an increase in climate variations some of the agricultural land is already losing it productiveness. The climate convention also recognizes that while achieving the overall objective of the convention, it is important that food production not to be threatened. These show a strong linkage between climate and food security at the international level. 

Economic constraints further compound the issue. The high cost of inputs, limited access to credit, and trade disparities hinder the development of a robust agrifood sector. SIDS often find themselves at the mercy of global market fluctuations, impacting both production and access to essential resources. According to IPCC reports, many island states have also experienced a decrease in GDP contributions from agriculture, partly due to the drop in competitiveness of cash crops, cheaper imports from larger countries, increased costs of maintaining soil fertility, and competing uses for water resources.

However, there are Opportunities for Resilience and these may include:

1. Diversification of Agriculture:

• SIDS can explore the diversification of agricultural activities. This includes promoting indigenous crops, adopting climate-resilient varieties, and integrating aquaculture and agroforestry practices. Diversification not only enhances food security but also contributes to the preservation of local biodiversity.

2. Innovation and Technology Adoption:

• Embracing innovation and technology is a powerful tool for overcoming constraints. Precision farming, sustainable irrigation practices, and the use of digital tools can enhance productivity, optimize resource use, and improve overall efficiency in agrifood systems.
  

3. Community Engagement and Capacity Building:

• Strengthening community engagement is crucial. Empowering local communities through capacity building, knowledge transfer, and cooperative initiatives can create self-reliant agrifood systems. Community-driven approaches foster resilience and inclusivity.
  

The challenges faced by SIDS are not insurmountable, but they require a united front. Already, we are seeing the utilization by some SIDS of these new techniques.  Global solidarity is indispensable as we move forward. Developed nations, international organizations, and the private sector must collaborate to provide support in terms of technology transfer, financial assistance, and capacity-building programs.

The roadmap that was presented by the FAO at COP28 in Dubai is a significant breakthrough in the transformation of our food system towards a much-needed climate friendly development pathway.

The roadmap mentioned three crucial aspects for SIDS.  The first is the notion of addressing climate change in a siloed approach. This needs to be dismantled to ensure that we address climate change across sectors. Second is integrating agrifood system within the narrative of the just transition. As countries transition from our current development models, agrifood system needs to be carefully looked at and nurtured accordingly if we are to make a good exit. Third, and most important, is international cooperation and coordination.  Collectively these are indispensable markers for SIDS.

To conclude, let us heed the call to action. SIDS are not just facing challenges; they are presenting opportunities for innovation, collaboration, and sustainable growth. By addressing the unique challenges of agrifood systems in SIDS, we pave the way for a future where no nation is left behind in the pursuit of food security and sustainability all working towards meeting our goal of remaining under the 1.5 threshold.

Thank you.