Право на питание в разных странах мира

  Панама

The Constitution of the Republic of Panama explicitly guarantees the right to adequate food.

The Republic of Panama has become a State party to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) in 1977 by way of ratification.

CONSTITUTIONAL RECOGNITIONS OF THE RIGHT TO ADEQUATE FOOD

Explicit protection of the right to adequate food

Article 56: "The State protects marriage, motherhood and the family. What is relative to civil status shall be determined by law. The State shall protect the physical, mental and moral health of minors and shall guarantee their rights to support, health, education and social security. In an equal manner, the elderly and the sick who are destitute shall have the right to this protection."

 

Implicit protection of the right to adequate food

Article 64: "Work is a right and duty of the individual and accordingly the State is obliged to devise economic policies to promote full employment, and to ensure to every workman the necessary conditions for a decent existence."

Article 66: "Rules of periodic adjustment of the minimum salary or wage of the worker shall be set by law, to cover the normal requirements of his/her family, to improve worker's standard of living according to specific conditions of each economic region and activity. The law may also determine the method of fixing minimum salaries or wages for professions or trades [...]"

Article 110: "In matters of health, the State is primarily obliged to develop the following activities, integrating the functions of prevention, cure and rehabilitation in the: 1. Establishment of a national policy of food and nutrition, ensuring optimum nutritional conditions for the entire population, by promoting the availability, consumption, and biological benefit of suitable food;[...]"

Article 113: "All individuals are entitled to the security of their economic means for subsistence in case of disability or impossibility of obtaining remunerated work.[...]" 

Article 118: "The State has the fundamental obligation to guarantee that its population lives in a healthy environment, free of contamination (pollution), and where air, water, and foodstuffs satisfy the requirements for proper development of human life."

Article 122: "The State shall pay special attention to all aspects of Cattle and Agricultural development, promoting optimum use of the land, seeing to its reasonable distribution, and its proper use and conservation, so that it may be maintained in productive conditions. The State shall guarantee each farmer the right to live with dignity."

 

Directive principles of state policy

Article 4: "The Republic of panama abides by the rules of International Law."

 

INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) – 1948

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) – 1966

Status: Ratification (1977)

Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) – 1979

Status: Ratification (1981)

Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) – 1989

Status: Ratification (1990)

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) – 2006

Status: Ratification (2007)

Законодательство и политика, признающие право на достаточное питание

Рекомендации по постепенной реализации права человека на достаточное питание в контексте национальной продовольственной безопасности содержатся в Руководящие принципы в отношении права на питание, принятых Советом ФАО и одобренных Комитетом по всемирной продовольственной безопасности.

Учитывая, что право человека на достаточное питание может быть реализовано с помощью различных правовых и политических действий, приглашаем вас посетить Страновые профили ФАОЛЕКС, где представлен широкий перечень мер, принятых на национальном уровне. Некоторые из документов, которые можно найти, это законодательство и меры политики, которые затрагивают ряд соответствующих Руководящих указаний, например, о доступе к ресурсам и активам (Руководящее указание 8), безопасности пищевых продуктов и защите потребителей (Руководящее указание 9), поддержке уязвимых групп (Руководящее указание 13) и стихийных бедствий и техногенных катастроф (Руководящее указание 16).

Поделитесь ссылкой на эту страницу