|
Extension Services for Quality Milk Production
Proceedings of an International Workshop in conjunction with the East-West-Forum
of the Federal Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forestry
and the "Window of German Animal Breeding" at the International Green Week
24-25 January, 1999
The Milk Recording in the Service of Herd Improvement, Quality Milk Production
and Herd Management in Hungary
G. Lejtényi, Gy. Mészáros - National Institute for
Agricultural Quality Control
The dairy herd recording has an 89-year tradition in Hungary.
In harmony with the supervisor and control organisations of the Hungarian
cattle breeders and as enacted by the Breeding Law, the country-wide Company
Network with 17 Regional Centres of Livestock Performance Testing Ltd is
linked to 920 dairy herds with 270 thousand cows and their offspring (70
% of the dairy cattle population). Herd records, initial data and regular
and instant information on cows’ status and yields are obtained through
monthly contact for herds as a company’s own service.
The provision of regular monthly information via the National Data
Base according to the regulation in the Codex of Cattle Performance Tests
is another service.
The regular services for assisting selection are described in by-lateral
information service contracts between the Company and the owners of recorded
herds.
There is an extra contract with conditions of a surplus information
service assisting quality milk production by regular Somatic Cell Count
tests. This service has been already required by 95 % of registered herds
and this rate is still increasing.
More and more herds intend to use our recently introduced "Udder care"
service with extended use of SCC test results and advisory program. The
development of an extension project for urea test and feed monitoring program
was also introduced in 250 herds.
New information services have been recently introduced, like: An information
service for assisting reproduction biology and AI activity in recorded
herds and two versions of "Economic Breeding" System: one is for herds
without on-farm PC-s and a more capable version developed for herds having
their own PC.
Information services for cow selection, quality milk production and
herd management:
I. Services via the own Company network of Livestock Performance Testing
Ltd.:
-
Data collection and tests of data
The monthly managed
- data collection and;
- data tests (in-built error-check);
need no paper.
The forms and contents of former "input-sheets" now used in the PC-s
of Regional Centres and fist computers (hand-held data captors) of herd
recording staff are identical with the standards used in the Data Base.
The schedule of recording data of herds with planned
- error correction and
- data transfer to the central computer of the Data Base
provides predictably fast output return to the herds.
-
Herd Recording Information Service
After the monthly test day is completed (during the preparation of data
supply for the Data Base) the fast information service is ready for the
herds, according to the equipment(s) of herd available at place:
2.1. Right after the test day ends:
-
Barn-book can be completed with the cows’ survey, their status and milk
yields, if there is a printer or an on-herd computer available;
-
Instant transfer of milk yield data from data-captor to the on-herd computer.
2.2. After milk samples are tested for fat, protein, somatic cell, and
urea content in the central laboratory, the test data are transferred back
overnight on the PC > FAX-MODEM > PC of REGIONAL CENTRE and the following
services are completed (2-7 days after the test day) by the regional centres
and sent to the herds:
-
Barn-book completed with data of milk components;
-
Individual cow survey completed with somatic cell count data and tables
for drafting cows according to milk quality classes.
This service is available on floppy disc for contracted partners-as
special request in the usual service;
-
Individual cows’ sample test for urea
-
A unique service for those partners which have compatible modem contact
to get completed information service back as fast as 2-4 days after test
day.
The "SAMPLE TEST EQUIPMENT > CENTRAL PC > FAX-MODEM > PC of REGIONAL
CENTRES" System of Livestock Performance Testing Ltd was installed two
years ago. Since then this System made the own information service more
effective and faster.
-
Herd Management and Extension Information Service
-
Monthly reports based on S.C.C. tests
-
Feeding monitor information monthly reports based on urea tests
-
Reproduction biology reports
-
Information service and extended service for dairy herds udder care program
-
"Breeding Economy" projects
II. Services via the Central Data Base
The official dairy herd recording has a large data base managed by
the Institute of Agricultural Qualification. Information about the "history"
of cows’ individual performance and lactations in progress can only come
from the archive data base. The data flow from the regional centres of
Livestock Performance Testing Ltd is obviously aimed to the central data
base and the following information service is sourced in the data base:
-
Monthly services:
-
Monthly herd report;
-
List of cows with completed lactations;
-
Cow’s individual chart with ancestors, yields and offspring.
The monthly services processed in the data base reach the herds 15-25 days
after the test days or rather 10-15 days after the data sent for processing.
-
Periodical services:
-
Yearly herd surveys of the cows with completed standard lactation;
-
Yearly surveys off all the cows with various statuses.
The services provided by regular milk recording are developed mainly for
genetic improvement, but more and more herds as contracted partners of
the Livestock Performance Testing Ltd join in the quality milk production
oriented program and take the benefit of regular somatic cell count tests
and other management information. (E.g.: Urea test and monitoring of herds’
feeding regime; Reproductive status of herds and cows; Advisory information
for herds to manage breeding and milk production economically). There is
an on-going development in the milk-sample-test central laboratory to measure
keton-body, which will help the extension of information service and advisory
activity.
The activities and services introduced show the status and situation
what we have achieved mainly in the 920 large herds with 268 182 cows controlled
by method "A".
In order to extend milk recording to the herds of small-holders by
the first quarter of 1998, we began to introduce method "B" in most of
the 19 counties of Hungary. Now we provide services for 301 herds with
3 801 cows.
The potential benefits of this activity in the long term will be better
and regular information service for about 40 000 breeders and the active
population can be enlarged by about 120 000 milk recorded cows.
Table 1: Distribution of cow population according to type and milk
recording methods (December 1998)
| Total cow population: |
406000 |
|
of which: Beef cows:
|
21000 |
|
Dairy cows:
|
385000 |
| Recorded dairy cows: |
271983 |
|
of which: by method A:
|
268182 (920 herds; average: 292 cows) |
|
by method B:
|
3801 (301 herds; average: 13 cows) |
| Non-recorded dairy cows: |
113017 (38 000 herds; average: 3 cows) |
Table 2: Yearly averages (First half year of 1998)
| Averages lactations: |
| Ave. lact. status |
2,60 |
|
Yields:
|
Milk
|
6196 kg |
| |
Fat
|
3,72 % |
| |
Protein
|
3,39 % |
Table 3: Main breeds
| |
Average
lact.
|
Milk
kg
|
Fat
%
|
Protein
%
|
| H. F. |
2,60
|
6 384
|
3,70
|
3,38
|
| H. R. spotted |
2,80
|
4 537
|
3,69
|
3,50
|
Table 4: Survey of herds and cows according to the method of performance
test December 1998
Method of
Performance test |
No. of
herds
|
All cows
recorded
|
C.i.m.(*)
|
Daily milk
|
Cow survey
|
|
Total
|
Ave.of C.i.m.(*)
|
Ave. of A.c.r.
|
inc. ball. decr.
from prev. month
|
| "A" |
920
|
268182
|
204500
|
3953064
|
19.33
|
14.74
|
8579
|
6244
|
|
|
|
|
|
Difference:
|
+2 335
|
| "Bv" |
301
|
3801
|
2670
|
43089
|
16.14
|
11.34
|
326
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
Difference:
|
+296
|
(*) Cows-in- milk
Provided H/R equipments Data capture
&
data flow Information & Extension
Services
Table 5: Sample: Standard S.C.C. Lists
Country/Herd/Dairy unit: 12/490/21 Completed: 07.12.1998.
Date of test milking: 03.12. 1998. Page: 1.
First Std. List.: S.C.C. from 0 to 100 000
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
|
4966
|
01
|
38
|
4978
|
01
|
79
|
4981
|
03
|
42
|
|
4982
|
01
|
41
|
0001-6
|
02
|
75
|
0005-4
|
04
|
73
|
|
0006-1
|
03
|
39
|
0007-8
|
03
|
78
|
0008-5
|
03
|
24
|
Second Std. List.: S.C.C. from 100 001 to
400 000
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
|
4957
|
04
|
166
|
4976
|
01
|
301
|
4986
|
04
|
280
|
|
4990
|
02
|
294
|
4999
|
04
|
177
|
5000
|
03
|
255
|
|
0003-0
|
03
|
106
|
0004-7
|
03
|
122
|
0014-8
|
03
|
108
|
Third Std. List.: S.C.C. from 400 001 to 500 000
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
|
4128
|
04
|
491
|
4521
|
01
|
492
|
4979
|
01
|
463
|
|
4446
|
01
|
470
|
4626
|
02
|
427
|
0019-3
|
03
|
493
|
|
4476
|
01
|
404
|
4858
|
02
|
407
|
0206-7
|
03
|
450
|
Fourth Std. List.: S.C.C. from 500 001 to 700 000
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
|
4859
|
04
|
536
|
4886
|
01
|
657
|
4898
|
01
|
622
|
|
4915
|
01
|
650
|
4929
|
02
|
696
|
4955
|
01
|
589
|
|
0040-3
|
03
|
635
|
0202-9
|
01
|
677
|
0213-7
|
01
|
609
|
ADT/FAO/EAAP Workshop: 24-25.01.1999. BERLIN/drmgy
P.t.o.
Fifth Std. List.: S.C.C. from 700 001 to 1 000 000
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
|
4740
|
01
|
732
|
4761
|
04
|
840
|
4852
|
04
|
817
|
|
4862
|
04
|
831
|
4888
|
04
|
954
|
4943
|
01
|
850
|
|
4959
|
01
|
731
|
4995
|
04
|
792
|
0214-4
|
01
|
792
|
Sixth Std. List.: S.C.C. from 1 000 001 to 3 000 000
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D
|
BARN I.D
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
|
4011
|
02
|
1839
|
4442
|
02
|
1212
|
4701
|
01
|
1504
|
|
4732
|
01
|
1014
|
4799
|
01
|
1146
|
4803
|
04
|
1105
|
|
4826
|
02
|
1641
|
4834
|
02
|
1633
|
1895
|
02
|
1331
|
|
4906
|
02
|
1194
|
4931
|
02
|
1329
|
0002-3
|
03
|
1281
|
|
0064-3
|
03
|
1868
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Seventh Std. List.: S.C.C. from 3 000 001
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
COW I.D.
|
BARN I.D.
|
S.C.C.
|
|
4265
|
01
|
5321
|
4335
|
01
|
3822
|
4352
|
01
|
4246
|
|
4403
|
01
|
7110
|
4438
|
01
|
4033
|
4625
|
04
|
4283
|
|
4702
|
02
|
3088
|
4899
|
04
|
7329
|
7326
|
01
|
3117
|
|
4963
|
01
|
4468
|
0080-7
|
03
|
3383
|
0210-6
|
04
|
3176
|
I. Summary of Standard List
Scale of S.C.C.
classes
x 1000
|
Cows-in-milk
|
Daily milk
|
Weigh.Ave.
|
|
No.
|
%
|
Ave. kg of
C.i.m.(*)
|
Total
kg
|
%
|
of S.C.C.
|
|
= < 10
|
0
|
0,00
|
0,00
|
0
|
0,00
|
0
|
|
11 - 100
|
125
|
40,45
|
18,53
|
2316
|
41,82
|
59
|
|
101 - 400
|
113
|
36,57
|
17,12
|
1934
|
34,92
|
198
|
|
401 - 500
|
10
|
3,24
|
17,58
|
176
|
3,17
|
453
|
|
501 - 700
|
18
|
5,38
|
19,06
|
343
|
6,19
|
627
|
|
701 - 1,000
|
18
|
5,83
|
16,74
|
301
|
5,44
|
808
|
|
1,001 - 3,000
|
13
|
4,21
|
20,43
|
266
|
4,80
|
1 374
|
|
3000 <
|
12
|
3,88
|
16,83
|
202
|
3,65
|
4 459
|
|
Total/Average:
|
309
|
100,00
|
17,92
|
5538
|
100,00
|
420
|
(*) Cows-in-milk
Table 6: Further information services based on somatic cell count
Distribution of all cows tested for S.C.C.
detailed S.C.C. scale
December 1998
|
Scale of S.C.C. classes x 1000
|
Cows-in-milk
|
Daily milk
|
Weigh. Ave.
of S.C.C.
x 1000
|
|
No.
|
%
|
Total
kg
|
Ave. of
C.i.m. (*)
|
%
|
|
= < 10
|
297
|
0,1
|
7600
|
25,59
|
0,2
|
8
|
|
11
|
-
|
100
|
52376
|
25,7
|
1199769
|
22,91
|
30,4
|
57
|
|
101
|
-
|
400
|
79765
|
39,1
|
1538533
|
19,29
|
39,0
|
209
|
|
401
|
-
|
500
|
10906
|
5,3
|
191444
|
17,55
|
4,9
|
448
|
|
501
|
-
|
700
|
14301
|
7,0
|
246618
|
17,24
|
6,3
|
592
|
|
701
|
-
|
1000
|
12298
|
6,0
|
205165
|
16,68
|
5,2
|
836
|
|
1001
|
-
|
3000
|
24187
|
11,9
|
407026
|
16,83
|
10,3
|
1686
|
|
3000 <
|
9766
|
4,8
|
147358
|
15,09
|
3,7
|
4931
|
|
Total
|
203896
|
100,0
|
3943513
|
19,34
|
100,0
|
-
|
(*) Cows-in-milk
Table 7: Distribution of all cows tested for S.C.C. cumulated S.C.C.
scale
Cumulated
S.C.C. classes
x 1000
|
Cows in milk
%
|
Daily milk
|
Weigh. Ave.
of S.C.C.
|
|
kg
|
%
|
|
0
|
-
|
400
|
65,0
|
2745902
|
69,6
|
142
|
|
0
|
-
|
500
|
70,3
|
2937346
|
74,5
|
162
|
|
0
|
-
|
700
|
77,3
|
3183964
|
80,8
|
195
|
|
0
|
-
|
1 000
|
83,3
|
3389129
|
86,0
|
234
|
|
0
|
-
|
3 000
|
95,2
|
3796155
|
96,3
|
390
|
|
0
|
-
|
3 000 <
|
100,0
|
3943513
|
100,0
|
559
|
|
