From Berlin and Paris, to Brussels and Bucharest, European farmers have driven their tractors to the streets in protest in recent times. 

This article brief analyses the key demands from farmer groups in 12 countries to determine how they are related to greenhouse gas emissions, climate change, biodiversity or conservation. The findings show that many of the issues farmers are raising are directly and indirectly related to these issues. But some are not related at all. Several are based on policy measures that have not yet taken effect, such as the EU’s nature restoration law and a South American trade agreement.

Credit: Abaca Press / Alamy Stock Photo