生态农业知识中心

效率:创新型生态农业方法用更少的外部资源带来更高的产出

提升资源利用效率是生态农业系统的一项新属性,通过仔细规划和管理多样性,在系统各构成部分之间形成协同效应。比如,效率方面的一项关键挑战在于全球农田中施用的氮肥仅有不到50%转化为收获产品,其余部分损失在环境中,导致严重的环境问题。

生态农业系统改善对自然资源,尤其是丰富和免费资源的利用,如太阳辐射、大气中的碳和氮元素等。通过促进生物过程以及生物质、营养素和水的循环使用,生产者能够用更少的外部资源,降低成本并减轻资源利用所产生的负面环境影响。最终,减少对外部资源的依赖能够通过提升生产者的自主能力和应对自然或经济冲击的抵御力来赋予其权能。

衡量综合性系统效率的一种方法是土地当量比。土地当量比对比了两种或以上品种(如作物、林木、家畜)共同种养时的单产以及通过单作实现的单产水平。综合性系统往往展示出更高的土地当量比。

因此,生态农业通过必要的生物、社会经济和机构多样性,以及与时空的匹配来推动农业系统,支持提高效率。

 

Database

In Noord-Brabant, a region in South-West Netherlands, Govert van Dis and his wife Phily Brooijmans are running an organic arable farm of around 100 hectares. They run the farm together and actively follow innovations in agroecology. Crops are grown without the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, therefore crop rotation...
Netherlands (Kingdom of the)
个案研究
2017
The agroecological innovations reported here can be grouped under the broad heading of System of Crop Intensi cation (SCI).1 This approach seeks not just to get more output from a given amount of inputs, a long-standing and universal goal, but aims to achieve higher output with less use of or...
书籍
2014
This study was done in collaboration with the Chief Minister's Rajasthan Economic Transformation Advisory Council (CMRETAC) to explore the suitability of natural farming in Rajasthan and propose a strategic roadmap for a successful scale-up. A combination of mixed methods was utilised that included a review of prominent state initiatives on...
India
政策简报
2022
This booklet describes FAO's work and efforts in plant production and protection. The publication includes highlights on the importance of plant production and protection and its contribution to Sustainable Development Goals and FAO Strategic Framework 2022–31. The booklet will also include an overview of FAO's Plant Production and Protection Division...
书籍
2022
Ce guide est conçu comme un outil d’accompagnement des techniciens et paysans engagés dans des actions de promotion et de développement de l’agroécologie. Il fait suite à un premier guide technique réalisé en 2014 en République démocratique du Congo dans le cadre du projet Defiv, projet de sécurité alimentaire mis...
书籍
2015