生态农业知识中心

效率:创新型生态农业方法用更少的外部资源带来更高的产出

提升资源利用效率是生态农业系统的一项新属性,通过仔细规划和管理多样性,在系统各构成部分之间形成协同效应。比如,效率方面的一项关键挑战在于全球农田中施用的氮肥仅有不到50%转化为收获产品,其余部分损失在环境中,导致严重的环境问题。

生态农业系统改善对自然资源,尤其是丰富和免费资源的利用,如太阳辐射、大气中的碳和氮元素等。通过促进生物过程以及生物质、营养素和水的循环使用,生产者能够用更少的外部资源,降低成本并减轻资源利用所产生的负面环境影响。最终,减少对外部资源的依赖能够通过提升生产者的自主能力和应对自然或经济冲击的抵御力来赋予其权能。

衡量综合性系统效率的一种方法是土地当量比。土地当量比对比了两种或以上品种(如作物、林木、家畜)共同种养时的单产以及通过单作实现的单产水平。综合性系统往往展示出更高的土地当量比。

因此,生态农业通过必要的生物、社会经济和机构多样性,以及与时空的匹配来推动农业系统,支持提高效率。

 

Database

This paper is an attempt to clarify what agroecology means, what it looks like and show that, when taken as a whole, agroecology and its various principles can lead to tremendous positive effects in terms of human rights and the right to food. At the same time, it contributes to...
手册
2018
This brief from Pesticide Action Network focuses on the climate footprint of pesticides, pointing out this under-researched area of concern, particularly given the rising attention to food systems and their climate footprints.  A key aspect is the impact of pesticides on soil health, and therefore the ability of soils to...
政策简报
2023
In 2018, Satya Devi, 50 years old, switched over to Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF)—a drive launched by the Himachal Pradesh(HP) state government to bring an end to the use of harmful chemicals in growing cash crops and fruits including apples. A resident of a small mountain village in Lafughati, 44...
India
论文
2021
Producing on-farm fertilizers based on local organic residues is an empowering action for family farmers. For this reason, we conducted the project “Development of alternative fertilizers to support the agroecological management of family-based agriculture production systems in Goiás, Midwest Brazil”, from June 2014 to May 2017, aimed at developing and...
Brazil
个案研究
2018
This WB-FAO Knowledge Session Series explores the nexus between agrifood systems, nutrition, and climate change. It provides the opportunity to examine how policies and actions on the ground can make agrifood systems more efficient, inclusive, resilient, and sustainable, enabling healthy diets and improved nutrition while addressing climate change and biodiversity...
活动
2023