随着海洋的健康岌岌可危，非法、不报告和不管制的捕鱼（IUU）很快成为巨大问题。“IUU捕捞”一词意指所有不按照法律规定进行的捕捞活动。IUU捕捞有很多类型，例如，未经许可或授权的捕捞，不准确报告渔获，在禁止捕捞的区域捕捞或出售被禁止的鱼种。在任何时候，当渔民及其船只不符合地区、国家和国际所制定的渔业法要求，都会造成IUU捕捞的发生。

2018年世界渔业和水产养殖状况》重点阐述渔业和水产养殖在实现《2030年可持续发展议程》和可持续发展目标并对目标实现进展加以衡量方面所发挥的重要作用。本报告指出内陆和小规模渔业的特殊贡献，并突出基于权利的治理对于平等和包容性发展的重要性。与以往版本相同，本报告首先根据最新官方统计数据，对全球渔业和水产养殖生产、种群、加工和利用、贸易和消费趋势进行分析，对世界渔船、人员参与和部门治理情况加以综述。第2至第4部分探讨的议题包括水生生物多样性、渔业和水产养殖生态系统方法、气候变化影响与对策、该部门对粮食安全和人类营养的贡献、国际贸易、消费者保护和可持续价值链相关问题。本报告还探讨了在打击非法、不报告和不管制捕鱼方面的全球进展、部分海洋污染问题以及粮农组织改进捕捞渔业数据相关工作。本报告最后对该部门加以展望，包括对2030年情况做出预测。《世界渔业和水产养殖状况》一如既往地致力于为政策制定者、管理者、科学家、利益相关方以及所有对渔业和水产养殖感兴趣的广大受众提供客观、可靠和最新信息。

《世界渔业和水产养殖状况》作为粮农组织渔业及水产养 殖部的旗舰出版物，介绍全球渔业和水产养殖业状况，包括趋 势和统计数据。出版物突出全球范围内各项热点议题，并预测 各种未来情景，为读者提供有关渔业和水产养殖业的最新全球 性观点和看法。

本版《粮食及农业状况 2015》指出，当社 会保护措施与更广义的农业及农村发展 措施相互结合时，它将有助于打破农村贫 困和脆弱性的恶性循环

《粮食安全和扶贫背景下保障可持续小规模渔业自愿准则》（《准则》）旨在为1995年的粮农组织《负责任渔业行为守则》提供补充。其目的是就小规模渔业提 出补充性指导意见，为《负责任渔业行为守则》的总原则和规定提供支持。因此，《准则》将有助于在小规模渔业现有重要作用的基础上，进一步提升其形象和认知 度，加强其作用，促使其为全球、国家层面消除饥饿和扶贫做出贡献。《准则》还在注重小规模渔民和渔工及相关活动，包括弱势及边缘化群体的基础上，促进采用 基于人权的方法，支持负责任渔业和可持续社会、经济发展，造福当代及子孙后代。

当前，空前的多重压力正在敦促着粮食和农业系统（种植业，畜牧业，林业以及水产养殖）进行调整与革新。

今天，众多发展中国家在度处于饥饿阴霾的笼罩之下，营养不足人口数已上升至10亿人，占全球总人口的六分之一。国际社会还面临着全球经济衰退， 贸易投资缩水，自然资源枯竭和气候变化等严峻挑战。在传统性别观念根深蒂的影响下， 妇女不能充分参与决策社会经济发展, 导我们无法克服上述挑战。全球农村贫困人口的绝大多数是妇女， 他们在家务劳动和农业生产活动中的辛苦付出大多得不到酬劳， 在客观上导致整个社会对其贡献缺乏认知。 妇女在很多方面获得的资源都少雨男性，例如土地所有权、金融服、培训和其他有助于促进农业生产、农户增收几改善健康营养状况的方法。经济衰退和食品价格涨尤其对妇女及由女性支撑的家庭产生位巨大的影响。两性在社会和经济上的不平等粮食安全和农业经济增长和发胀构成障碍。 为此，在粮农组织新的战略框架下，农村地区两性平等获得资源、产品、服务及参与决策的问题已成为未来10年本组织的主要目标之一。 性别平等问题对于落实2009年11月在罗马举行的世界粮食安全首胸会议决议将是至关重要的。通过将性别公平作为主流观念纳入所有农业和农村发展计划，粮农组织将进一步提高对成员国支持的成效， 从而实现保障性别平等， 消除饥饿与贫困， 确保人人享有粮食安全等重要目标。

Women play active roles throughout the fisheries value chain in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, including participating in pre-harvest activities like vessel and gear construction and maintenance, harvest activities both on board fishing vessels and from shore, and post-harvest activities such as sorting, cleaning, processing and marketing the catch,...

This paper argues that seafood should play a more prominent role in debates about food systems transformation in the UK. We discuss the connections between seafood and the broader food system, and consider seafood’s potential role in food systems transformation in the UK.  We unpack the opportunities this presents, as well...

The FAO Yearbook of Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics, prepared by the Statistics Team of the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, offers a synthesis of the major trends in the fisheries and aquaculture sector. Statistics are presented in eight main thematic chapters, covering statistics of production (total, aquaculture, capture fisheries), employment,...

Este curso, que se centra en los sistemas de agua dulce, inspira a administradores, científicos y miembros de la comunidad a trabajar con diferentes disciplinas y cuencas hidrográficas. El curso enseña a los alumnos a comprender y gestionar las cuencas hidrográficas, así como a hacer un seguimiento de las mismas,...

More than 900 non-indigenous species have already been identified in the Mediterranean Sea. And the number is only expected to increase. Climate change is helping non-native species move further north in the Mediterranean as water temperatures rise. As they spread, so does concern about their effect on marine ecosystems and the local fishing...

The impacts of the climate and biodiversity crises on people’s livelihoods and opportunities differ greatly based on their gender and other intersecting identity factors. Populations that face systemic marginalization and discrimination are often disproportionately affected.  International actors and scientific bodies, such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Intergovernmental...

Small-scale fisheries (SSF), including fishers and fishworkers together with their communities and organizations, are among the world’s most effective contributors to safeguarding aquatic resources and environments. Living near to, and relying on, freshwater and marine aquatic species and environments, small-scale fisheries are at the heart of environmental conservation and stewardship...

The purpose of this manual is to give the reader a foundation of practical knowledge regarding all aspects of Pacific oyster cultivation. It is targeted at new entrants to the market wishing to establish a farm, and existing operators who wish to develop their farms and explore new cultivation techniques....

This report presents the design and results of a baseline survey with respect to a project of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) focusing on empowering women in small-scale fisheries. The project supports the implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the...

Communities in Peru work with local authorities to manage the unique marine ecosystems on which their environment and livelihoods depend. The Global Environment Facility-funded, FAO Coastal Fisheries Initiative has built the capacity of the community to ensure that they can oversee their ecosystems in a sustainable and productive way.

Esta publicación compila una serie de recomendaciones alineadas a las disposiciones y orientaciones de instrumentos internacionales para fortalecer la sostenibilidad de la pesca y acuicultura artesanal en pequeña escala, y que a su vez permitan mejorar las condiciones de vida de pescadores y acuicultores artesanales de América del Sur.

The international symposium on “Inland Fisheries and aquaculture: advances in technology, stock assessment and citizen science in an era of climate change” was organized in conjunction with the thirty-first session of the European Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Advisory Commission in Killarney, Ireland on 20–21 June 2022. The symposium was organized...

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a growing threat to human and animal health. It endangers modern human and veterinary medicine and undermines the safety of our food and environment. AMR occurs when micro-organisms including bacteria, parasites, and viruses develop resistance to antimicrobials such as antibiotics, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiviral drugs. It threatens...