Country Programming Framework (CPF) defines three priority areas and sets out development outcomes to be achieved to guide FAO's partnership and support to the Government of Türkiye in pursuing national-level Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The CPF amalgamates FAO's approach and expertise, based on innovative global and regional best practices and standards, with national expertise and development prospects to deliver required outputs during the five-year period from 2021 to 2025.

FAO's results are guided by its Regional Initiatives (RIs) in Europe and Central Asia, which act as a programmatic umbrella supporting the implementation of country programmes in the region, framed by its Strategic Framework for 2022-31 and the Director-General's Medium Term Plan 2022-25 and Programme of Work and Budget 2022-23.

OUTCOME 1 (UNSDCF OUTCOME 1.1): By 2025, people, in particular disadvantaged groups, have better access to quality basic services and opportunities.

This outcome addresses basic services and innovative service provision to improve the coverage of disadvantaged groups, especially women and girls, under social services and protection measures. Considering FAO's mandate, FAO interventions will focus on:

· Promoting good nutrition and sustainable diets via expanding services to promote healthy and safe nutrition to combat all forms of malnutrition through policy and guideline proposals responsive to women and men on good nutrition for all, including food safety and healthy diets, sustainable food systems, and awareness-raising and trainings on nutrition and health literacy, especially targeting the rural disadvantaged (Output 1).

· Expanding social protection through improving capacities at local and national levels to enhance access and coverage of the rural poor, forest workers and villagers, and seasonal and informal agricultural households and workers to the social protection system, including for people under temporary protection. Priority issues include eliminating child labour and improving the rights of the most vulnerable groups engaged in agriculture in rural areas, such as supporting the special needs of families with children, improving their access to education, and providing community-based rehabilitation. These interventions include policy-level support for targeted social protection and capacity development among national stakeholders through women and men-sensitive response interventions to people under international and temporary protection and their Turkish counterparts, as well as capacity development in related institutions on social protection (Output 2). The establishment of a national monitoring, reporting and verification system might be considered to facilitate evidence-based and targeted interventions.

OUTCOME 2 (UNSDCF OUTCOME 2.1): By 2025, public institutions and the private sector contribute to more inclusive, sustainable and innovative industrial and agricultural development and equal and decent work opportunities for all, in cooperation with social partners.

This outcome addresses productive, sustainable and inclusive agriculture, forestry and fisheries, along with the industry and services sectors. The multiplicity of objectives requires an innovative and women and men-sensitive approach that will enable attaining competitiveness targets while also reaching social and environmental targets.

To this end, the outcome addresses expanding productive and climate-smart agrifood production and forestry, specifically target smallholder farms and especially women and improving their access to trainings, extension services and targeted business supports. Further, while improving the capacities of agricultural producer organizations' and making use of digital technologies and innovation are viable strategies, it is critical to improve risk management practices such as recovery from disasters, especially for smallholders, to cope with increasing uncertainty and risks. This activity will contribute to the transformation of agrifood chains, the resilience of agrifood systems, and decent livelihood and employment opportunities in rural communities (Output 3).

On the other hand, the transformation of forest and agrifood chains and the Blue Transformation of aquatic food systems need comprehensive, rational, women and men sensitive and innovative approaches for planning, production, marketing, logistics and consumption to be more inclusive for women, youth and disabled people. Also needed is climate-smart innovation (through shortening agrifood value chains and improving efficiency through reducing food loss and waste), with agricultural producer organizations, digital technologies and innovation as likely accelerators (Output 4).

Transformational interventions will include (i) sectoral and pilot value chain-level reviews and guidelines from the perspectives of efficiency, sustainability and inclusiveness; (ii) support for forest and agrifood businesses in incorporating women and men responsiveand women-targeted digital technologies and innovations into supply chains, including planning, production, harvesting, processing, logistics and marketing; and (iii) the development of research centres and the development of capacity for professionals, including from agricultural organizations.

This transformation will be coupled with improved institutional arrangements and capacity in agricultural land and water management, without prejudice to sustainability (Output 3). These interventions will include policy, legal and institutional mechanism advice, such as land banking, water management and pricing in agriculture.

Output 3 also focuses on engaging women and youth in the development process to mobilize their capacity to innovate, develop and sustain innovative culture and businesses. In this regard, FAO intervention under this output to support value chain transformation and the revitalization of rural areas will include the building of capacities in identifying strategies to improve rural services, settlements and landscapes; to increase the attractiveness to youth of agriculture, forestry and rural areas in order to motivate innovation and entrepreneurship; to institutionalize cooperatives, consultations and mentorship support for women and youth; and to improve networking and information-sharing opportunities for women and youth.

Furthermore, the capacities of stakeholders in the public and private sectors will be enhanced for better production and improved health management practices, including the control of animal and fish pests and diseases and organisms harmful to plants (e.g. viruses, fungi, pests, weeds, etc.) and the prevention of food safety hazards under the One Health approach (Output 5).

Output 6 targets improving decent work opportunities for disadvantaged rural community members (e.g. women, youth and seasonal agricultural workers), including people under international and temporary protection, through (i) inclusive women and men-responsive business help that targets agribusiness, non-wood forestry products, and traditional handicraft production as an opportunity to diversify sources of income for rural women and men; and (ii) employability measures (e.g. vocational and personal skills upgrading), including cash-for-work or on-the-job training schemes and the promotion of decent employment mechanisms (such as preventive occupational safety and health culture, protection against sexual exploitation and abuse, and the elimination of child labour).

The potential organizations of collective economy, such as cooperatives and producers' organizations, also is important in creating and sustaining livelihoods for an extended member base and the inclusion of vulnerable social segments. This output is expected to contribute significantly to socioeconomic harmonization through income generation, employment opportunities and resilient livelihoods of people under temporary protection and host community members. It also addresses the realization of rights and status granted to people under temporary protection.

FAO will continue to contribute to this process by providing women and men-responsive technical support, information and coordination in the food security and agriculture sector under the Regional Refugee and Resilience Plan.

Through improving connections and networks among social protection services and the food security and agriculture sector at national and local levels, a coordinated multilevel and sectoral approach will improve results and the delivery of interventions. FAO interventions will include trainings, meeting organization and reporting for the sector under the Syrian Refugee Resilience Plan (2020-2021) within Regional Refugee and Resilience Plan.

This outcome will be supported by FAO's RI-1 on empowering smallholders, family farms and youth, facilitating rural livelihoods and poverty reduction, considering its focus on inclusive economic growth through improved rural livelihoods, strengthened resilience and poverty reduction. This outcome also will be supported by RI-2 on transforming food systems and facilitating market access and integration, supporting agricultural value chain developments and export opportunities

OUTCOME 3 (UNSDCF OUTCOME 3.1): By 2025, all relevant actors take measures to accelerate climate action, promote responsible production and consumption, improve the management of risks and threats to people, and ensure the sustainable management of the environment and natural resources in urban and ecosystem hinterlands.

This outcome focuses on an ecosystem-based approach to environmental and natural resource management for territorial resilience in order to achieve optimal and balanced solutions to meet productivity, inclusiveness and environment-based objectives in line and in support of achieving CPF priorities.

This approach enables protecting and better utilizing environmental assets, including water, land and genetic resources, as well as sustainable forest management, including urban forestry (Output 7) and fisheries and aquaculture resource management (Output 8). In managing resources and the environment with an inclusive approach, the participation of women and other disadvantaged groups will be promoted in decision-making, implementation and the utilization of resources.

This outcome will be supported by FAO's RI-3 on managing natural resources sustainably and preserving biodiversity in a changing climate, considering its focus on natural resource management, inclusive economic growth through improved rural livelihoods, strengthened resilience, and poverty reduction.

Below given Table  summarizes the links between the intended development results of the CPF (2021–2025) in the terms of the UNSDCF (2021–2025) Cooperation Framework strategic priorities and outcomes, the Regional Initiatives, the priority areas of Türkiye’s Eleventh Development Plan (2019–2023), and the SDG targets and indicators.