The transition from Socialism to Capitalism occurred in many countries worldwide, but nowhere was it so sharp as in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. Many researchers studied this process since the fall of the Berlin Wall in the autumn of 1989. Twenty-five years later, an international workshop was organized by the Center for Agricultural Economic Research in Rehovot, in collaboration with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO) in Halle, Germany. The purpose of the workshop was to provide a retrospect on the transition process through the lenses of researchers who studied it in the past and those who are still studying it. The focus was on agricultural transition, since it was a crucial step in ensuring food security and providing a basis for non-agricultural development.