The General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean is composed of 23 contracting parties:

19 Mediterranean states · 3 Black Sea states · European Union

The GFCM also includes 6 cooperating non-contracting parties:

Bosnia and Herzegovina (2016) · Georgia (2015) · Jordan (2018) · Republic of Moldova (2017) · Saudi Arabia (2021) · Ukraine (2015)

Contracting parties are the state and regional economic integration organizations that comprise the Commission. Membership in the Commission is open to Members and Associate Members of FAO, and such non-Member states as are Members of the United Nations or any of its specialized agencies that are coastal states or regional economic organizations whose vessels engage in fishing in the GFCM area of application. Contracting parties contribute to the GFCM budget and finance its operations

Cooperating non-contracting parties are not formally associated with the GFCM but they actively participate in GFCM activities, attend the sessions of the Commission and commit to fully implement all GFCM recommendations.