The transport of live fish. A review
The basic principles of fish transport and the main factors affecting it (fish species, fish developmental stages and quality, transport time, temperature, oxygen content, fish metabolism products, etc.) are evaluated on the basis of an analysis of the pertinent literature. For the two basic fish transport systems, the closed and the open ones, the transport units are described and the densities of transported fish per unit volume under actual conditions are tabulated for guidance. The survey is complemented by the description of the existing methods for the chemical treatment of the environment inside the transport systems and for the treatment of the fish transported, such as fish anaesthetics, chemical water conditioning and antibacterial treatment.