El derecho a la alimentación en el mundo

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Protección explícita del derecho a una alimentación adecuada
Protección implícita del derecho a una alimentación adecuada
Principios rectores de la política estatal
Estatus de las obligaciones internacionales en el ordenamiento nacional
Otras disposiciones relativas a la realización del derecho a una alimentación adecuada
30 países encontrados

India

Principios rectores de la política estatal

Article 47: “Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health.—The State shall regard the raising of the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people and the improvement of public health as among its primary duties and, in particular, the State shall endeavour to bring about prohibition of the consumption except for medicinal purposes of intoxicating drinks and of drugs which are injurious to health.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 39: “The State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing—

(a) that the citizens, men and women equally, have the right to an adequate means of livelihood.”

Article 43: “The State shall endeavour to secure, by suitable legislation or economic organisation or in any other way, to all workers, agricultural, industrial or otherwise, work, a living wage, conditions of work ensuring a decent standard of life and full enjoyment of leisure and social and cultural opportunities and, in particular, the State shall endeavour to promote cottage industries on an individual or co-operative basis in rural areas.”

Irlanda

Principios rectores de la política estatal

Article 45.2: "The State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing:
i. That the citizens (all of whom, men and women equally, have the right to an adequate means of livelihood) may through their occupations find the means of making reasonable provision for their domestic needs."

Estatus de las obligaciones internacionales en el ordenamiento nacional

Article 29: "(6) No international agreement shall be part of the domestic law of the State save as may be determined by the Oireachtas."

Irán (República Islámica del)

Principios rectores de la política estatal

Article 3: “In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
12. the planning of a correct and just economic system, in accordance with Islamic criteria in order to create welfare, eliminate poverty, and abolish all forms of deprivation with respect to food, housing, work, health care, and the provision of social insurance for all.” 

Article 43: “The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with its objectives of achieving the economic independence of the society, uprooting poverty and deprivation, and fulfilling human needs in the process of development while preserving human liberty, is. based on the following criteria:
1. the provision of basic necessities for all citizens: housing, food, clothing, hygiene, medical treatment, education, and the necessary facilities for the establishment of a family;”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 29: “Every person is entitled to the enjoyment of Social Security. This covers retirement, unemployment, old age, being laid off, being without a guardian, casual misfortune, accidents, and occurrences giving rise to the need for health services and medical care and treatment.”

Malawi

Protección explícita del derecho a una alimentación adecuada

 Article 30: Right to development.

2. "The State shall take all necessary measures for the realization of the right to development. Such measures shall include, amongst other things, equality of opportunity for all in their access to basic resources, education, health services, food, shelter, employment and infrastructure."

Article 42.1: "Every person who is detained, including every sentenced prisoner, shall have the right - (b) to be detained under conditions consistent with human dignity, which shall include at least the provision of reading and writing materials, adequate nutrition and medical treatment at the expense of the State."

Principios rectores de la política estatal

Article 13: “The State shall actively promote the welfare and development of  the people of Malawi by progressively adopting and implementing policies and legislation aimed at achieving the following goals:
(b) Nutrition: To achieve adequate nutrition for all in order to promote good health and self-sufficiency.”

Estatus de las obligaciones internacionales en el ordenamiento nacional

Article 211.1: “Any international agreement ratified by an Act of Parliament shall form part of the law of the Republic if so provided for in the Act of Parliament ratifying the agreement."

Article 211.2: "International agreements entered into before the commencement of this Constitution and binding on the Republic shall form part of the law of the Republic, unless Parliament subsequently provides otherwise or the agreement otherwise lapses."

Article 211.3: "Customary international law, unless inconsistent with this Constitution or an Act of Parliament, shall have continued application."

Myanmar

Principios rectores de la política estatal

Article 26(b): “The Union shall enact necessary laws for Civil Services personnel to have security and sufficiency of food, clothing and shelter, to get maternity benefits for married women in service, and to ease livelihood for welfare of retired Service personnel.”

Namibia

Principios rectores de la política estatal

Article 95: “The State shall actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people by adopting, inter alia, policies aimed at the following:
(j) consistent planning to raise and maintain an acceptable level of nutrition and standard of living of the Namibian people and to improve public health”.

Estatus de las obligaciones internacionales en el ordenamiento nacional

Article 144: “Unless otherwise provided by this Constitution or Act of Parliament, the general rules of public international law and international agreements binding upon Namibia under this Constitution shall form part of the law of Namibia.”

Nicaragua

Protección explícita del derecho a una alimentación adecuada

Artículo 63: “Es derecho de los nicaragüenses estar protegidos contra el hambre. El Estado promoverá programas que aseguren una adecuada disponibilidad de alimentos y una distribución equitativa de los mismos.”

Protección implícita del derecho a una alimentación adecuada

Artículo 82: “Los trabajadores tienen derecho a condiciones de trabajo que les aseguren en especial:
1. Salario igual por trabajo igual en idénticas condiciones […] que les asegure un bienestar compatible con la dignidad humana. 
7. Seguridad social para protección integral y medios de subsistencia en casos de invalidez, vejez, riesgos profesionales, enfermedad y maternidad; y a sus familiares en casos de muerte”.

Principios rectores de la política estatal

Artículo 4: “El Estado promoverá y garantizará los avances de carácter social y político para asegurar el bien común, asumiendo la tarea de promover el desarrollo humano de todos y cada uno de los nicaragüenses, protegiéndolos contra toda forma de explotación, discriminación y exclusión.”

Estatus de las obligaciones internacionales en el ordenamiento nacional

Artículo 46: “En el territorio nacional toda persona goza de la protección estatal y del reconocimiento de los derechos inherentes a la persona humana, del irrestricto respeto, promoción y protección de los derechos humanos y de la plena vigencia de los derechos consignados en la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos; en la Declaración Americana de Derechos y Deberes del Hombre; en el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales; en el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas; y en la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos de la Organización de Estados Americanos.”

Artículo 71.2: “La niñez goza de protección especial y de todos los derechos que su condición requiere, por lo cual tiene plena vigencia la Convención Internacional de los Derechos del Niño y la Niña.”

Nigeria

Principios rectores de la política estatal

Article 16(2): “The State shall direct its policy towards ensuring:
(d) that suitable and adequate shelter, suitable and adequate food, reasonable national minimum living wage, old age care and pensions, and unemployment, sick benefits and welfare of the disabled are provided for all citizens.” 

Article 17(3): "The State shall direct its policy towards ensuring that-
(g) provision is made for public assistance in deserving cases or other conditions of need."

Níger

Protección explícita del derecho a una alimentación adecuada

Article 12: "Chacun a droit à la vie, à la santé, à l'intégrité physique et morale, à une alimentation saine et suffisante, à l'eau potable, à l'éducation et à l'instruction dans les conditions définies par la loi."

Principios rectores de la política estatal

Article 146: "L'action de l'État en matière de politiques de développement économique et social est soutenue par une vision stratégique. L'Etat fait de la création des richesses, de la croissance et de la lutte contre les inégalités un axe majeur de ses interventions. Les politiques publiques doivent promouvoir la souveraineté alimentaire, le développement durable, l'accès de tous aux services sociaux ainsi que l'amélioration de la qualité de vie."

Estatus de las obligaciones internacionales en el ordenamiento nacional

Article 171: "Les traités ou accords régulièrement ratifiés ont, dès leur publication, une autorité supérieure à celle des lois, sous réserve pour chaque accord ou traité de son application par l'autre partie."

Pakistán

Principios rectores de la política estatal

Article 38: Promotion of social and economic well-being of the people - 
“The State shall - 
(a) secure the well-being of the people, irrespective of sex, caste, creed or race, by raising their standard of living by preventing the concentration of wealth and means of production and distribution in the hands of a few to the detriment of general interest and by ensuring equitable adjustment of rights between employers and employees, and landlords and tenants;
(b) provide for all citizens, within the available resources of the country, facilities for work and adequate livelihood with reasonable rest and leisure;

(c)  provide for all persons employed in the service of Pakistan or otherwise, social security by compulsory social insurance or other means; 
(d) provide all basic necessities of life, such as food, clothing, housing, education and medical relief, for all such citizens, irrespective of sex, caste, creed or race, as are permanently or temporarily unable to earn their livelihood on account of infirmity, sickness or unemployment.

(e) reduce disparity in the income and earnings of individuals, including persons in the various classes of the service of Pakistan; f. eliminate riba as early as possible and;

(g) ensure that the shares of the Provinces in all Federal services, including autonomous bodies and corporations established by, or under the control of, the Federal Government, shall be secured and any omission in the allocation of the shares of the Provinces in the past shall be rectified."

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