الحراجة الزراعية
تستعرض هذه الوحدة نظم الحراجة الزراعية، كما تقدم توصيفًا لكيفية تحديد أنسب نظام للحراجة الزراعية وتصميمه وتعديله وتأسيسه وإدارته. وتشتمل هذه الوحدة على قسم حول "البيئة التمكينية" موجّه في المقام الأول إلى صنّاع السياسات، بمن فيهم السلطات الوطنية والمحلية.
Basic knowledge
Agroforestry is the collective term for land-use systems and technologies in which woody perennials (e.g. trees, shrubs, palms or bamboos) and agricultural crops or animals are used deliberately on the same parcel of land in some form of spatial and temporal arrangement. Agroforestry can also be defined as a dynamic, ecologically based natural resource management system that, through the integration of trees on farms and in agricultural landscapes or through the production of agricultural products in forests, diversifies and sustains production for increased economic, social and environmental benefits for land users.
Agroforestry has been practised for a very long time in many parts of the world. Its forms vary considerably from landscape to landscape, country to country, and region to region, depending on human needs and capabilities and the prevailing environmental, cultural and socioeconomic conditions. Among the agroforestry systems used worldwide are improved fallows; taungya; homegardens; alley cropping; growing multipurpose trees and shrubs in farmlands; boundary planting; farm woodlots; orchards and tree gardens; tree plantations; shelterbelts; windbreaks; conservation hedges; fodder banks; live fences; silvopastoral systems; and apiculture with trees.
Agroforestry systems are multifunctional systems that can provide a wide range of economic, sociocultural and environmental benefits. Agroforestry can be particularly important for smallholder farmers because it generates diverse products and services on a limited land area. Agroforestry systems also have limitations, and a careful analysis should be carried out before their introduction.
الوحدات ذات الصلة
- التكيف مع تغير المناخ والتخفيف من آثاره
- غابات الأراضي الجافة ونظم الزراعة المختلطة بالغابات والمراعي
- جرد الغابات
- تخطيط إدارة الغابات
- السياسات الحرجية
- تخطيط استخدام الأراضي
- الغابات الجبلية
- الحراجة في المناطق الحضرية والمحيطة بالمناطق الحضرية
- إدارة مساقط المياه
تساهم الزراعة الحراجية في تحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة:
In more depth
Agroforestry outcomes may differ considerably depending on the system deployed and the conditions under which it is put into effect. Guidance is particularly important during the process of deciding which agroforestry system to use in light of prevailing economic, social and environmental conditions.
Establishing and managing agroforestry systems
The following steps should be taken in the adoption of an agroforestry system.