Un número significativo de países del África subsahariana son particularmente vulnerables al cambio climático debido a suelos pobres, precipitaciones erráticas, altas temperaturas, aridez, recursos naturales dependientes de la lluvia o escasos, falta de infraestructuras y una alta tasa de crecimiento de población. La FAO trabaja en sinergia con un número de socios para operar proyectos dirigidos a mejorar la capacidad de resistencia de los agricultores y pastores, en un esfuerzo para salvaguardar sus forma de vida, preservar sus conocimiento indígena y mejorar las condiciones de vida de sus comunidades.
La herramienta de Autoevaluación y Valoración Holística de la Resiliencia Climática de Agricultores y Pastores (SHARP) responde a la necesidad de comprender de una mejor manera la situación de resiliencia climática de los pequeños agricultores y pastores, tomando en cuenta sus circunstancias, preocupaciones e intereses.
BENEFITS AND USES OF SHARP+
SHARP+ is both a learning tool as well as a monitoring and evaluation (M&E) tool.
It fills a void in farm system resilience assessments carried out in using a holistic, integrated, inclusive and scientifically sound approach.
The assessment therefore covers socioeconomic, environmental and agronomic aspects of the farming system and the household. In addition, information on household dietary diversity index and intra-household decision making process is also collected.
The tool offers :
- Key data on the farming system and the household to better understand the context;
- Digital data and geo-referenced information allowing further statistical analysis to identify causal links between household and farm organisation and resilience;
- Resilience score and identification of vulnerabilities to identify solutions and strengthen farmers' resilience to climate change;
- Ranking of priorities for building climate resilience, according to the perceived priorities of the farmers surveyed.
The tool can therefore be very useful to identify the aspects of the farming system in need of intervention and inform the design of projects activities, to monitor and evaluate the resilience and adaptive capacities of the involved population and to support the development of Farmer Field Schools.
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