Glossary and Acronyms

A
AoA	Agreement on Agriculture
ACP	African, Caribbean and Pacific (countries)
AMS	Aggregate Measurement of Support
APEC	Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (Council)
C
CAC	The FAO/WHO Joint Codex Alimentarius Commission
CACM	Central American Common Market
CAP	Common Agricultural Policy
CARICOM	Caribbean Community and Common Market
CBD	Convention on Biological Diversity
CCFAC	Codex Committee on Food Addtives and Contaminants
CCP	Critical Control Point
CCPR	Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues
CCVDF	Codex Committee on Veterinary Drugs in Foods
CEPM	Committee of Experts on Phytosanitary Measures
CGIAR	Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research
CGRFA	Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
CITES	Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
CSE	Consumer Subsidy Equivalent
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D
DDA	Doha Development Agenda
DS	Domestic Support
DSB	Dispute Settlement Body
E
EC	European Community
ECE	Economic Commission for Europe
ECOWAS	Economic Community of West African States
EMPRES	Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal Diseases
ESAF	Enhanced Structural Adjustment Loan Facility
EU	European Union
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F
FAO	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
FTA	Free Trade Area
G
GATT	The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, established in 1947. The abbreviation is used both with reference to the legal text and to the institution.
GATT 1994	The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, as revised in 1994, which is part of the WTO Agreements. GATT 1994 includes the original General Agreement, which is known as GATT 1947.
GIEWS	Global Information and Early Warning System
GM0	Genetically Modified Organism
GMP	Good Manufacturing Practices
GREP	Global Rinderpest Eradication Programme
GSP	Generalised System of Preferences
H
HACCP	Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point. A system which identifies, evaluates and controls hazards which are significant for food safety.
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I
ICITO	Interim Committee of the International Trade Organisation
IDF	International Dairy Federation
IFPRI	International Food Policy Research Institute
IMF	International Monetary Fund
IPGRI	International Plant Genetic Resources Institute
IPPC	International Plant Protection Convention
IPR	Intellectual property rights
ISPM	International standards for phytosanitary measures
ITC	International Trade Centre
IUU-Fishing	Illegal, unregulated and unreported fishing
J
JECFA	Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives
JMPR	Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues
L
LAIA/ALADI	Latin American Integration Association
LDCs	Least Developed Countries
LIFDC	Low Income Food Deficit Countries
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M
Marrakesh Agreement	WTO/ GATT 1994. The Final Act and Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization
MEAs	Multilateral Environmental Agreements
MERCOSUR	Southern Cone Common Market
MFN	Most Favoured Nation
MRLs	Maximum residue limits
MTNs	Multilateral Trade Negotiations
N
NAFTA	North American Free Trade Agreement
NGO	Non-governmental organization
NFIDCs	Net Food Importing Developing Countries
NTB	Non-Tariff Barrier
O
OECD	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OIE	The Office International des Epizooties, also known as the World Animal Health Organization
P
PAAT	Programme Against African Trypanosomiasis
PBR	Plant breeders' rights
PGR	Plant genetic resources
PPA	Protocols of Provisional Application
PSE	Producer Subsidy Equivalent
PVP	Plant varietal protection
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Q
QIRA	Quantitative import risk analysis
R
RPPO	Regional Plant Protection Organization
RTA	Regional Trade Agreement
S
SADC	Southern African Development Community
SAF	Structural Adjustment Facility
SAL	Structural Adjustment Loan
SAP	Structural Adjustment Programme
SARD	Sustainable agriculture and rural development
SECAL	Sector Adjustment Loan
SPS	Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
SSG	Special Safeguard Provision
SSM	Special Safeguard Measures
sui generis	constituting a class of its own
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T
TBT	Agreeement on Technical Barriers to Trade
TCP	Technical Cooperation Programme (FAO)
TPRB	Trade Policy Review Body
TPRM	Trade Policy Review Mechanism
TRIPS	Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
TRQ	Tariff Rate Quota
U
UN	United Nations
UNCTAD	United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDP	United Nations Development Program
UNEP	United Nations Environment Program
UPOV	International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants
UR	Uruguay Round
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V
VER	Voluntary Export Restraint
W
WFP	World Food Programme
WHO	World Health Organization
WIPO	World Intellectual Property Organization
WTO	World Trade Organization
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World Bank: Glossary of Trade-Related Terms