The Institute of Cotton Research (ICR) of CAAS is China’s only state-level organization for professional cotton research. Focused on basic and applied research, ICR organizes and presides over major national cotton research projects addressing significant science and technology-related issues in cotton production. The institute coordinates international cooperation and exchanges about cotton research, cultivates high-level talent to advance cotton technology, and facilitates the transfer of new technologies to cotton farmland. In addition, ICR is responsible for the editing and publishing of the journals Cotton Science and China Cotton.