El trabajo infantil en la agricultura

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Actualmente, casi uno de cada 10 niños de todo el mundo realiza trabajo infantil, y la mayor proporción sigue correspondiendo a la agricultura, con 112 millones de niños en total, o el 70 % de todo el trabajo infantil.

Celebrado los días 2 y 3 de noviembre de 2021, el Foro global de soluciones: Actuar de forma conjunta para erradicar el trabajo infantil en la agricultura movilizó la acción mundial y permitió hallar soluciones que podrían aplicarse a gran escala para erradicar el trabajo infantil de la agricultura. Este acto en línea fue organizado en el contexto del Año Internacional para la Erradicación del Trabajo Infantil y reunió a representantes de ministerios de Agricultura, Pesca, Ganadería y Actividad Forestal, organizaciones de productores y agricultores, organizaciones de trabajadores, bancos de desarrollo, empresas, la sociedad civil y el mundo académico, niños, defensores de la juventud y antiguos trabajadores infantiles, entre otros.

En previsión del acto, organizamos amplias consultas regionales con las partes interesadas del sector agrícola que permitieron determinar buenas prácticas, experiencias prometedoras e ideas innovadoras para acelerar los progresos. El llamamiento a la acción inicial con el objetivo de acabar con el trabajo infantil en la agricultura con ayuda de las partes interesadas del sector agrícola fue seguido por consultas regionales en América Latina y el Caribe, Asia y el Pacífico, el Cercano Oriente y África del Norte y el África subsahariana.

A fin de orientar y apoyar las consultas, la FAO publicó los siguientes 12 documentos de referencia temáticos y regionales:

El Foro global de soluciones permitió:

ACTUAR: dar voz a las partes interesadas de la agricultura y aumentar su compromiso.

INSPIRAR: compartir soluciones transformadoras y determinar formas de intensificar la acción concertada para prevenir y erradicar el trabajo infantil en todos los subsectores agrícolas.

AMPLIAR: aportar información para la quinta Conferencia Mundial sobre el Trabajo Infantil, que se celebrará en 2022, así como a otras iniciativas mundiales, como el Decenio de las Naciones Unidas de la Agricultura Familiar.

Estructurado en torno a sesiones interactivas,el acto brindó un foro para presentar, debatir y promover soluciones concretas para abordar el trabajo infantil en la agricultura, desde tres perspectivas:

Durante el acto, más de 75 representantes de partes interesadas de ámbito nacional, regional y mundial manifestaron decididamente su compromiso común de intensificar la acción concertada para prevenir el trabajo infantil en la agricultura y acabar con él.

Descubra los mensajes y soluciones principales resaltados durante el acto:

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PROGRAMA:

Se prestarán servicios de interpretación en los seis idiomas oficiales de la FAO para las sesiones de apertura y cierre, y en español, francés e inglés para las demás sesiones.

Día 1 (martes, 2 de noviembre de 2021)

Bienvenida y presentación a cargo de la moderadora.

Discursos de apertura: 

  • Qu Dongyu, Director-General of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
  • Un mensaje especial de Su Santidad el Papa Francisco 
  • Guy Ryder, Director General of the International Labour Organization (ILO)
  • Henrietta Fore, Executive Director of UNICEF (video mensaje)
  • Kailash Satyarthi, Nobel Peace Laureate

Moderadora:
Redi Tlhabi, Moderator & Broadcast Journalist

  • Jutta Urpilainen, European Commissioner for International Partnerships, European Commission (video message)
  • Sue Longley, General Secretary of  the International Union of Food, Agricultural, Hotel, Restaurant, Catering, Tobacco and Allied Workers' Associations (IUF)
  • Jo Puri, Associate Vice-President of the Strategy and Knowledge Department, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
  • Paul Schoenmakers, Head of Impact of Tony 's Chocolonely
  • Emmerance Tuyishime, Programs Officer Pan-African Farmers' Organization

Con la participación de niños y de Molly Namirembe y Kamasa Dorothy Azimi, defensoras de la juventud.

Moderadora:
Redi Tlhabi, Moderator & Broadcast Journalist

  • Michaelle De Cock, Head of Research and Evaluation Unit, ILO
  • Claudia Cappa, Senior Statistics Specialist, UNICEF 
  • Bernd Seiffert, Focal Point for Preventing Child Labour in Agriculture, FAO
Moderator:
Benjamin Davis, Director of the Inclusive Rural Transformation and Gender Equality Division, FAO

Discussion with stakeholders engaged in the sector.

  • Kaing Khim, Deputy Director-General, Fisheries Administration, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry of Cambodia

  • Sille Stidsen, Chief Adviser, Danish Institute for Human Rights / Rezoanul Haque Azom, Senior Officer Planning and Monitoring, Bangladesh Institute of Labour Studies

  • Daniela Kalikoski, Fisheries Industry Officer, FAO /
    Fabio Veras, Researcher, International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth, Brasilia

  • Micheline Dion, President, Cooperative for Fishery Products Traders and Processors from Cote d’Ivoire  
Moderator:
Audun Lem, Deputy Director, Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, FAO

Parte 1 - Agricultura Familiar 

  • Christine Fuell, Coordinator of the Rotterdam Convention
  • Rob Vos, Director of Markets, Trade and Institutions Division, IFPRI
  • Tiko Hema, Responsible Monitoring Evaluation and Training, FAO

Moderator :
Guilherme Brady, Head of Unit, Family Farming and Engagement with Parliamentarians, FAO 

Parte 2 - Cadenas de valor responsables  

  • Sebastian Lesch, Head of Division, Sustainable Agriculture Supply Chain, International Agricultural Policy, Agriculture and Innovation, Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), Germany
  • Patrick Owusu, Manager, Asanufo North Farmers Union, Ghana
  • Badra Alawa, Chief Technical Advisor, ILO   

Moderator :
Friedel Huetz-Adams, Senior Researcher, SÜDWIND

Peer-to-peer session.

  • Minoarivelo Randrianarison, Forestry Officer, FAO
  • Veronica Galmez Marquez, Ecosystems Management Senior Specialist, Green Climate Fund
  • Hajia Alima Sagito, Deputy Coordinator, Ghana Federation of Forest and Farm Producers
  • Adedolapo Alabi, Youth Leader, Ghana Federation of Forest and Farm Producers
  • Lindita Boshtrakaj, Project Coordinator, ILO Kosovo
  • Matthieu Yela Bonketo, Founder and Chair, Cercle pour la Défense de l'Environnement

Moderator:
Justin Chisenga, Knowledge/Information Management Officer, FAO

Peer-to-peer session.

  • Véronique Ancey, Expert on Livestock and Poverty Reduction in Pastoral Areas, FAO
  • Paul Opio, Livestock Officer, FAO Kenya
  • Jasper Okodi, Programme Specialist, FAO South Sudan
  • Alassane Lompo, Coordinator, Civil Society Organizations of Eastern Burkina Faso
  • Aboubakry Dieng, Project Coordinator, ILO Mauritania  

Moderator :
Omar Benammour, Social Protection Officer, FAO

Presentation of the regional consultations’ results (Latin America & the Caribbean, Africa, Europe and Central Asia).

  • Alberto Posso, Professor of Economics, Researcher and Director Center for International Development of the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT)
  • María Emilia Undurraga, Minister of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture of Chile
  • Lilian Maina, Social Compliance and Risk Manager, Fairtrade Africa
  • Maurizio Bussi, Deputy Regional Director for Europe and Central Asia, ILO
  • Jehiel Oliver, C.E.O, Hello Tractor

Moderator:
Benjamin Davis, Director of the Inclusive Rural Transformation and Gender Equality Division, FAO

Día 2 (miercoles, 3 de noviembre de 2021)

Presentation of the regional consultations’ results (Asia and the Pacific, Near East).

  • Ala Mustafa, Chief Executive Officer, Arab Youth Sustainable Development Network
  • Hala Abou Youssef, Director Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt
  • Muhammad Hidayat Greenfield, Regional Secretary for the Asia/Pacific Regional Organization, IUF
  • Bharati Pflug, Senior Specialist on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, ILO Decent Work Technical Team for East and South-East Asia and the Pacific

Moderator:
Mina Dowlatchahi, Director, Project Support Division, FAO

Discussion with stakeholders engaged in the sector.

  • Maggie Makanza, Gender and Social Protection Specialist, FAO
  • Sidi Kone,  Assistant Agronomist, FAO Mali
  • Juliet Kutyabwana, Education Secretary, National Union of Co-operative Movement and Allied Workers - Uganda
  • Pauline Kariuki, Director, Rural Women Network

With the participation of youth advocates.

Moderator:
Silvia Sperandini, Gender, Targeting and Social Inclusion Specialist

Session co-organized by IFAD and FAO

Discussion with stakeholders engaged in the sector.

  • Doaa Arafa, Programme Policy Officer, World Food Programme Egypt
  • Gazal Malik, Policy Research Coordinator, Global March Against Child Labour
  • Elissa Alhassrouny, Child Protection Specialist Plan International Lebanon

Moderator: 
Dominique Marlet, Senior Rights Coordinator, Education International

Discussion with stakeholders engaged in the sector.

  • Leonard Mizzi, Head of Sustainable Agri-Food Systems and Fisheries Unit, European Union

  • Daniel P. Owen, Lead Social Development Specialist, The World Bank Group

  • Christopher Ian Brett, Lead Agribusiness Specialist, The World Bank Group

  • Wieneke Vullings, Head of Sustainable Production and Trade, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Netherlands

  • Marianne van Keep, Director of Sustainability & Purchasing, Verstegen Spices & Sauce

Moderator:
Ida Christensen, Technical Advisor, FAO Investment Centre

Peer-to-peer session.

  • Khalid Cassam, National Project Coordinator Mozambique, FAO

  • Michael Ramsay, Consultant (based in Jamaica), FAO

  • Amadou Cheick Traoré, Deputy Director of the National Directorate of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture - Mali

  • Andrews Addoquaye Tagoe , Deputy General Secretary , General Agricultural Workers Union (GAWU)
  • Halim Hamzaoui, Occupational Safety and Health Specialist, ILO

Moderator:
Andrea Rother, Professor, Head - Environmental Health Division, School of Public Health and Family Medicine University of Cape Town - South Africa

Discussion with stakeholders engaged in the sector.

  • Ronald Omar Pivaral Cruz, Project Manager, Caravella Coffee
  • Lamine Diassana, FIER Project Coordinator, IFAD Mali
  • Micheal Lokiru, Programme Officer - Crop Production/Agronomist, FAO Uganda
  • Philippe Renard, Head of European and International Relations and Cooperation, General Education and Research Department, Ministry of Agriculture of France 

With the participation of children and youth advocates.


Testimonies:

Beatriz Mendoza and Mario Pablo Ramirez, participants of Coffee Camps in Guatemala

Moderator:
Thomas Wissing, Head, Advocacy and Partnerships Unit, ILO

Session co-organized by ILO and FAO

Parallel peer-to-peer session with stakeholders engaged in the sector.

Testimonies:

  • Young people of VoiceMore Rutshuru
  • Zainab Abdel Azim, Associate Director of the Women Empowerment Department, Ministry of Agriculture Iraq

Panel:

  • Ellie Chouieiri, Programme Officer, FAO Lebanon
  • Shakeb Nabi, Country Representative, ICCO Bangladesh
  • Azeb Lemma Dulla, PACE (Partnership Against Child Exploitation), M&E Officer, World Vision International Ethiopia

Moderator:
Shukri Ahmed, Deputy Director, Office of Emergencies and Resilience, FAO / Indira Joshi, Emergency and Rehabilitation Officer, Office of Emergencies and Resilience, FAO. 

Discussion Facilitator: 
Silvia Oñate, Child Protection Expert, Plan International

  • Thoko Didiza, Minister of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development of South Africa
  • Anousheh Karvar, Chair of the Alliance 8.7
  • Vera Paquete-Perdigão, Director, Governance and Tripartism Department, ILO
  • Máximo Torero Cullen, Chief Economist, FAO

Moderadora:
Redi Tlhabi, Moderator & Broadcast Journalist