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National gender profile of agriculture and rural livelihoods: Georgia
The first Country Gender Assessment for Georgia was initiated in 2018, providing an overview of gender dynamics in agriculture and rural development. This comprehensive assessment reviews the progress made since 2018, highlighting critical gaps, new and persistent challenges and progress achieved. Adopting an agrifood systems approach, it examines the impacts of climate change and other shocks and crises on gender equality in Georgia's agrifood systems. The findings indicate notable advancements in the collection and analysis of sex-disaggregated data. However, critical sectoral gaps persist, particularly in addressing the needs of rural and young women. The assessment underscores opportunities for enhancing women’s empowerment in agriculture and rural development by drawing on good practices based on the experiences of FAO Representation in Georgia. The publication concludes with actionable recommendations for FAO and its partners.
The Rural Livelihoods Information System (RuLIS) is a set of harmonized household- and individual-level data and indicators on different aspects of livelihoods, including crops and livestock production, off-farm and non-farm income generating activities, households’ composition and demographics, agricultural inputs, technology use, access to social protection, time use, shocks and migration. This brief uses data from RuLIS, which analyses survey data from Georgia’s national household surveys – the Integrated Household Survey Database (for the years between 2013 and 2016) and the Household Incomes and Expenditures Survey (for the years between 2017 and 2021).
The Dairy Modernization and Market Access (DiMMA) programme in Georgia aims to improve the productivity of smallholder dairy farming systems through better nutrition and feeding, veterinary care leading to better animal health, and breed improvements. In addition, it aims to strengthen the resilience of farmers to cope with the adverse effects of climate change via improved pasture management practices, capacity development measures, and facilitating stakeholder engagement and policy dialogues.
This summary presents the key findings and recommendations of the report on the feasibility of implementing land consolidation pilots in Georgia. Farms in Georgia are small and fragmented: about 99 percent of all farms are smaller than 5 ha and the average farm size is 1.4 ha distributed into 4–5 parcels. Land consolidation can support agriculture and rural development by reducing fragmentation of parcels and enlarging farms. Including land consolidation as part of a multi-purpose project brings additional benefits. In particular, integrating land consolidation with irrigation rehabilitation allows it to play a critical role in strengthening the agriculture–water–land nexus and climate change adaptation. A fully operational national land consolidation programme is feasible. The feasibility study presents a vision for the long term: a fully operational national land consolidation programme where land consolidation can be implemented, as appropriate, as a standalone initiative or as part of a multi-purpose project. This is possible. It has been done elsewhere in Central and Eastern Europe in less than a decade. The vision can be achieved if there is a strong and sustained interest by the relevant government agencies and by farmers and their communities, and if there is the sustained political will and support to make it happen.
Engaging women and men equally in managing biodiversity
Biodiversity and associated ecosystem services are crucial for food security and for the livelihoods of people involved in food and agricultural production systems around the world. Women and men use and manage biodiversity resources in different ways, and face specific constraints and opportunities. Their unique knowledge and responsibilities in the sustainable use of biodiversity must be fully recognized to ensure better gender outcomes and resource management. The publication Engaging women and men equally in managing biodiversity, provides some guidelines for integrating the gender dimensions in projects, policies and other initiatives of FAO related to biodiversity. The aim is raising gender awareness and providing guidance to FAO staff working in the field of biodiversity to help them to better identify and address the gender and social dimensions in biodiversity management.