Enhancing food security and reducing greenhouse gas emissions through dairy modernization in Georgia

01/02/2026

This assessment evaluates the outcomes and impacts of the Dairy Modernization and Market Access (DiMMA) programme in Georgia, which aimed to improve the productivity of smallholder dairy farming systems through better nutrition and feeding, veterinary care leading to better animal health, and breed improvements.

The value of animal health innovations for sustainable livestock transformation

22/09/2025

Improving animal health is increasingly recognized as a vital pathway for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the global livestock sector while also supporting food security, climate resilience, and animal welfare.

Activity book – Livestock and climate change

01/11/2024

From mountains to arid areas, livestock provide essential resources for the survival and development of human communities. How does animal farming work? What effects does it have onour planet? What problems do farmers and herders encounter? In this FAO activity book for children and pre-teens, we will show how livestock animals can even contribute to the planet's climate change through greenhouse gas emissions and, at the same time, be victims of these changes.

The Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model (GLEAM)

11/10/2024

The FAO Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model (GLEAM) is a modelling framework that simulates the interactions between livestock production activities and the environment. By quantifying production and the use of natural resources in the livestock sector, GLEAM serves as a crucial tool for policymakers to assess the environmental impacts of livestock supply chains and to identify adaptation and mitigation interventions.

Pathways towards lower emissions

19/12/2023

This FAO report presents a comprehensive global assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from livestock systems, utilizing FAO’s Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model (GLEAM) based on the most recent available data.

The role of animal health in national climate commitments

12/12/2022

This brief has been produced by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, in collaboration with the Global Dairy Platform (GDP) and the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases (GRA) and with the financial support of the New Zealand Government.

More fuel for the food/feed debate

01/12/2022

Livestock contribute to food security by supplying essential macro- and micro-nutrients, providing manure and draught power, and generating income. But they also consume food edible by humans and graze on pastures that could be used for crop production.

GLEAM model description

01/12/2022

Cameroon moves towards low-carbon livestock systems

01/01/2022

Livestock Development Project (PRODEL) aims to improve access to livestock services (e.g. animal health), high quality inputs such as improved genetic material, feed and fodder, technical training and capacity building. It does so through financially supporting business plans (BP) with improved animal production practices and the pastoral resource management plans (PRMP) with restored pasture, fodder fields, zoosanitary parks and pastoral boreholes using solar energy.

Low carbon livestock development in Kyrgyzstan

21/10/2021

This report presents the potential impact of the planned IFAD-funded Regional Resilient Pastoral Communities Project (RRPCP) on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, both in terms of the overall impact of the project, and as a possible input to the update of Kyrgyzstan’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC).

Understanding the role of ruminant systems on greenhouse gas emissions and soil health in selected Central Asian countries

27/02/2021

Like many other economies in transition, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan face the dual challenge of promoting development and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and ruminant systems are central for achieving both goals. Given the important economic, nutritional and environmental roles that ruminant systems play in Central Asia, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, we conducted a GHG assessment.

Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model - Interactive (GLEAM-i)

26/11/2020

Guidelines (Version 1.8)

Animal Health and Climate Change

18/05/2020

Livestock support more than 750 million of the world’s poorest people. This brochure makes the case that improving animal health should be an integral part of strategies aimed at food security and sustainable development in the context of climate change.

Reducing enteric methane for improving food security and livelihoods

01/12/2019

“Reducing enteric methane for improving food security and livelihoods” is a collaboration between the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC).

Options for low emission development in the Uganda dairy sector

01/12/2019

Given the importance of the dairy sector to rural livelihoods and its potential role in poverty reduction, this study evaluates the potential for improving milk production while reducing enteric methane (CH4) emission intensity from dairy production in Uganda.

Options for low emission development in the Tanzania dairy sector

01/12/2019

Given the importance of the dairy sector to livelihoods and its potential role in poverty reduction, this study evaluates the potential for improving milk production while reducing enteric methane (CH4) emission intensity from dairy production in Tanzania. The study reveals that improved management practices and technologies can increase milk productivity while reducing methane emission intensity in both traditional and improved dairy systems.

Climate change and the global dairy cattle sector

11/02/2019

The challenge for policy-makers – and for the dairy sector – is how to reduce environmental impacts while continuing to meet society’s needs. Dairy products are a rich source of essential nutrients that contributes to a healthy and nutritious diet.

Livestock's long shadow

05/02/2019

This report aims to assess the full impact of the livestock sector on environmental problems, along with potential technical and policy approaches to mitigation. The assessment is based on the most recent and complete data available, taking into account direct impacts, along with the impacts of feedcrop agriculture required for livestock production.

Low-emissions development of the beef cattle sector in Argentina

12/12/2017

This publication is intended to contribute to the implementation of the livestock and climate change development agenda. The study evaluates the potential for improving productivity while reducing enteric methane emission intensity from beef production systems in Argentina.

Low emissions development of the beef catle sector in Uruguay

12/12/2017

This publication is intended to contribute to the implementation of the livestock and climate change development agenda. The study evaluates the potential for improving productivity while reducing enteric methane emission intensity from beef production in Uruguay.