الحق في الغذاء حول العالم

  سويسرا

The Constitution of the Swiss Confederation implicitly guarantees the right to adequate food through broader human rights.

The Swiss Confederation has become a State party to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) in 1992 by way of accession.

CONSTITUTIONAL RECOGNITIONS OF THE RIGHT TO ADEQUATE FOOD

Implicit protection of the right to adequate food

Article 12: Right to assistance when in need. - "Persons in need and unable to provide for themselves have the right to assistance and care, and to the financial means required for a decent standard of living." 

 

Directive principles of state policy

Article 104:

"1. The Confederation shall ensure that agricultural sector, by means of a sustainable and market oriented production policy, makes an essential contribution towards:

a. the reliable provision of the population with foodstuffs;

b. the conservation of natural resources and the upkeep of the countryside;

c. decentralised population settlement of the country.”

 

National status of international obligations

Article 193: "4. The mandatory provisions of international law must not be violated.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 41:
"1. The Confederation and the Cantons shall, as a complement to personal responsibility and private initiative, endeavour to ensure that:
a. every person has access to social security;
d. every person who is fit to work can earn their living by working under fair conditions; 

2. The Confederation and Cantons shall endeavour to ensure that every person is protected against the economic consequences of old-age, invalidity, illness, accident, unemployment, maternity, being orphaned and being widowed."

Article 112:

"1.  The Confederation shall legislate on the Old-age, Survivors and Invalidity Insurance.
2.  In doing so, it shall adhere to the following principles: 
b. pensions must be sufficient to cover basic living expenses adequately"

Article 112a.1: "Confederation and Cantons shall pay supplementary benefits to people whose basic living expenses are not covered by benefits under the Old-age, Survivors and Invalidity Insurance. "

Article 113:

"1. The Confederation shall legislate for an occupational pension scheme.
2.  In doing so, it shall adhere to the following principles:
a. the occupational pension scheme, together with the Old-age, Survivors’ and Invalidity Insurance, enables the insured person to maintain his or her previous lifestyle in an appropriate manner."

INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) – 1948

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) – 1966

Status: Accession (1992)

Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) – 1979

Status: Ratification (1997)

Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) – 1989

Status: Ratification (1997)

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) – 2006

Status: Accession (2014)

التشريعات والسياسات التي تعترف بالحق في الغذاء الكافي

تم توفير إرشادات حول كيفية الإعمال التدريجي لحق الإنسان في الغذاء الكافي في سياقات الأمن الغذائي الوطني من خلال المبادئ التوجيهية للحق في الغذاء التي اعتمدها مجلس منظمة الأغذية والزراعة وأيدتها لجنة الأمن الغذائي العالمي.

باعتبار أن حق الإنسان في الغذاء الكافي يمكن تنفيذه من خلال مجموعة متنوعة من الإجراءات القانونية والخطط السياسية، ندعوك لزيارة صفحة الملامح القطرية لقاعدة البيانات FAOLEX للحصول على مجموعة واسعة من التدابير التي تم اتخاذها على المستوى الوطني. قد تجد بعض المستندات وهي تشريعات وسياسات تتطرق إلى عدد من الخطوط التوجهية ذات الصلة، مثل تلك المتعلقة بالحصول إلى الموارد والأصول (المبدأ التوجيهي 8) و سلامة الأغذية وحماية المستهلك (المبدأ التوجيهي 9) و دعم الفئات الضعيفة (المبدأ التوجيهي 13) و الكوارث الطبيعية والكوارث من صنع الإنسان (المبدأ التوجيهي 16).

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