Afrique du Sud
La Constitution de la République sud-africaine protège de manière explicite le droit à une alimentation adéquate.
La République sud-africaine est devenue un État partie au Pacte international relatif aux droits économiques, sociaux et culturels en 2015 par ratification.
CONSTITUTIONAL RECOGNITIONS OF THE RIGHT TO ADEQUATE FOOD
Explicit protection of the right to adequate food
Article 27: "Health Care, food, water and social security. -
(1) Everyone has the right to have access to-
(b) sufficient food and water;
(2) The state must take reasonable legislative and other measures, within its available resources, to achieve the progressive realisation of each of these rights."
Article 28: "Children. -
(1) Every child has the right-
(c) to basic nutrition, shelter, basic health care services and social services.”
Article 35: "Arrested, detained and accused persons.-
“(2) Everyone who is detained, including every sentenced prisoner, has the right-
(e) to conditions of detention that are consistent with human dignity, including at least exercise and the provision, at state expense, of adequate accommodation, nutrition, reading material and medical treatment.”
National status of international obligations
Article 232: “Customary international law is law in the Republic unless it is inconsistent with the Constitution or an Act of Parliament.”
Article 233: “When interpreting any legislation, every court must prefer any reasonable interpretation of the legislation that is consistent with international law over any alternative interpretation that is inconsistent with international law.”
Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food
Article 1: “The Republic of South Africa is one, sovereign, democratic state founded on the following values:
(a) Human dignity, the achievement of equality and the advancement of human rights and freedoms.”
Article 7(2): “The state must respect, protect, promote and fulfil the rights in the Bill of Rights.”
INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) – 1966
Status: Ratification (2015)
Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) – 1979
Status: Ratification (1995)
Législation et politiques qui reconnaissent le droit à une alimentation adéquate
Étant donné que le droit humain à une alimentation adéquate peut être mis en œuvre par le biais de plusieurs actions juridiques et politiques, nous vous invitons à visiter les Profils par pays sur FAOLEX pour accéder à la collection complète des mesures adoptées au niveau national. Parmi les différents documents disponibles, vous trouverez la législation et les politiques qui font référence à certaines Directives pertinentes, telles que la Directive 8 sur l' Accès aux ressources et aux moyens de production, la Directive 9 sur la Sécurité sanitaire des aliments et protection des consommateurs, la Directive 13 sur l’Appui aux groupes vulnérables, et la Directive 16 sur les Catastrophes naturelles et anthropiques.
