Dryland forests and agrosilvopastoral systems 

The FAO Drylands and Agrosilvopastoral Systems Programme supports countries and communities in sustainably restoring, managing, and transforming dryland forests, rangelands, and agrosilvopastoral systems through integrated, inclusive, and science-based approaches.

At its core, the programme applies Integrated Landscape Approaches (ILM) across all dryland regions. This means working holistically across dry forests, rangelands, agrosilvopastoral systems, and mosaic dryland landscapes—recognizing the ecological, social, and economic interconnections that sustain them. 

The programme is people centred. It places pastoralists, livestock keepers, forest users, and Indigenous Peoples at the heart of decision-making and implementation. These communities are not beneficiaries; they are knowledge holders and long-standing stewards whose adaptive systems and cultural practices have shaped dryland landscapes for centuries. 


To create an enduring enabling environment for resilient dryland landscapes, the Programme operates through five complementary and interlinked pillars that connect knowledge, policy, and field action. We move beyond fragmented interventions by providing a holistic framework that braids together cutting-edge science with the invaluable local and Indigenous knowledge of dryland communities. By integrating these knowledge systems, the programme strengthens national capacities to effectively address climate risks, land degradation, biodiversity loss, and livelihood challenges while ensuring that solutions are socially just and rootedin local realities.
Why drylands forests and agrosilvopastoral systems?
Farmers carry cotton near Zorro village, Burkina Faso. ©Ollivier Girard/CIFOR
1.

Dryland forests and agrosilvopastoral systems are vital for our planet! Drylands play crucial ecological, social and economic roles, while improving the environmental sustainability.

A woman rides her bicycle, Burkina Faso. ©Ollivier Girard/CIFOR
2.

Dryland forests are resilient! They are home to species adapted to extreme ecological conditions, provide essential goods and ecosystems services and the means to adapt to climate change, and increase the resilience of the communities who live in the world’s dryland areas.

3.

Unfortunately, they are under threat from degradation. Extensive areas of drylands are degraded or at high risk of further degradation and associated environmental and socio-economic impacts.

Women preparing the Gnetum nursery Cameroon. ©Ollivier Girard/CIFOR
4.

Through better management and restoration, forests and agrosilvopastoral systems can help alleviate poverty and contribute to the food security and sustainable livelihoods of two billion people worldwide.

Events

7/7

2025

10/7

2025

Hybrid Event, 07/07/2025 - 10/07/2025

The fourth session of the COFO Working Group will be held in Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia) from 7–10 July 2025. It will take place in parallel with the 3rd Drylands School. 

6/7

2025

10/7

2025

Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia), 06/07/2025 - 10/07/2025

The third edition of the Drylands School will take place in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, and will focus on improving the governance of dryland forests, rangelands and agrosilvopastoral systems building on the experience of Mongolia, the International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralists 2026, the Sustainable Forest Management Drylands Sustainable Landscapes Impact Programme and other neighbouring...

Publications

WeCaN
Advancing women's leadership in dryland regions through the three Rs: rights, representation and resources
30/10/2024

This WeCaN Nurturing Community of Knowledge Practice for Women policy brief focuses on advancing women's leadership in dryland regions through the three...

Applying MEV-CAM tools: participatory video
30/01/2024

The Making Every Voice Count for Adaptive Management (MEV-CAM) toolkit provides process documentation facilitators with instruments for documenting...

Grazing with trees - A silvopastoral approach to managing and restoring drylands with trees: Policy brief
30/11/2022

The Grazing with trees policy brief accompanies the Grazing with Trees publication, giving an overview of the positive role that optimized extensive...

Forestry papers
Grazing with trees - A silvopastoral approach to managing and restoring drylands
30/09/2022

The ‘Grazing with Trees’ report gives a thorough assessment of the positive role that optimized extensive grazing livestock farming can play in the...

Relevant links

Highlights

Other publications
Twelve misconceptions about agrosilvopastoral systems – and how to overcome them
08/2026

Agrosilvopastoral systems can contribute to food security, resilient livelihoods, biodiversity, climate adaptation and sustainable land management....

Hidden in plain sight

Trees, forests and land use in drylands: the first global dryland assessment.

Contact

Ms. Houria Djoudi

Forestry Officer (Drylands)
FAO Forestry Division

email: [email protected]