Climate change is now recognized as serious with long term negative effects on agricultural productivity, and hence on the well-being of communities especially in Africa. Farmers have experienced climate change effects and have tried to mitigate these effects by adapting new/different production practices. This study has been set up to better understanding farmers’ interpretation of the climate change concept and to learn from their adaptation strategies. A study has been initiated in two diverse agro-ecologies in Uganda for this purpose. Results will aid policy makers to better focus mitigation measures to wider areas by taking advantage of farmers’ proven interventions.