Agriculture is a major economic issue in Egypt, although its contribution to the GDP is gradually diminishing. It is evident that rural and agriculture growth is the key element towards reducing poverty, achieving food security and increasing demands for labor. Egypt is facing great challenges regarding its economy in general, and agriculture and rural development (ARD) in particular, such as food shortage, water insufficiency for agricultural purposes, the extreme poverty among small-scale farmers, lack of coordination and integration between various stakeholders, complicated local administration system and centralization, and declined governmental investments in the agriculture sector. Though, all these challenges require restructuring Egypt’s governance in agriculture and rural development and institutional reform. Therefore the current study aims at identifying agriculture and rural development policies and strategies in Egypt, public stakeholders involved in designing, implementing and evaluating ARD, besides analyzing the relationships and linkages between these actors. Additionally the paper provides an overview of the main international organizations dealing with ARD (e.g. UNDP, JICA, and FAO) and implemented projects. Various analytical tools were used in order to give comprehensive overview about ARD in Egypt, including quantitative and qualitative methods. SWOT analysis was used to verify the gaps in the current flow of ARD strategy. ARD strategy in Egypt needs to be re-structured and based upon coordination and integration between various sectors and stakeholders either national or international to avoid duplication and fulfill ARD goals and objectives that will eventually lead to “true” development, food security and poverty alleviation.