The impacts of the climate and biodiversity crises on people’s livelihoods and opportunities differ greatly based on their gender and other intersecting identity factors. Populations that face systemic marginalization and discrimination are often disproportionately affected. 

International actors and scientific bodies, such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, acknowledge the importance of incorporating gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) measures within nature-based solutions (NbS) programming to enhance climate adaptation. 

Equity-deserving groups have unique and specialized knowledge concerning climate adaptation and biodiversity loss prevention that should be respected and leveraged in NbS initiatives through meaningful engagement processes. 

This technical report identifies emerging practices for mainstreaming GESI in NbS programming while recognizing the importance of enabling policies and systems for adaptation, biodiversity, and gender equality.