A centralized vessel monitoring system (VMS) and related controls system supports the reliable assessment of fisheries stocks, the identification of fishing grounds and the monitoring of fishing activities, all of which contribute to GFCM sustainability objectives. A fishing vessel’s VMS equipment  provides real-time data on its position and activity: this underpins MCS measures and provides national agencies with accurate information, allowing the prompt identification of IUU activities. The GFCM sets out minimum technical standards for a VMS in Recommendation GFCM/33/2009/7, with Resolution GFCM/43/2019/3 adding a number of options for the operationalization of a centralized/regionalized VMS and other such systems such as automated identification systems (AIS) and electronic logbooks (ERS).