The protracted conflict since 2003 in Darfur, Sudan has resulted in massive loss of human lives and assets, disrupted livelihoods and led to severe food insecurity in some areas. As of December 2015, more than 2.6 million people are currently displaced in Darfur – approximately 42 per cent of the total population. Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) and their host communities have limited livelihood options and often rely on unsustainable coping strategies, such as the unmanaged cutting of trees and shrubs for fuelwood and charcoal production. This places an additional burden on Darfur’s fragile ecosystem. Fuel-efficient stoves can make an important contribution in refugee and IDP camps, but also in other areas with high population density and scarce natural resources.