El derecho a la alimentación en el mundo

  Rumania

La Constitución de Rumania no protege de manera explícita el derecho a una alimentación adecuada.

Rumania es un Estado Parte del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales desde 1974 por vía de ratificación.

CONSTITUTIONAL RECOGNITIONS OF THE RIGHT TO ADEQUATE FOOD

National status of international obligations

Article 11:
(1) The Romanian State pledges to fulfil as such and in good faith its obligations as deriving from the treaties it is a party to.
(2) Treaties ratified by Parliament, according to the law, are part of national law. 

(3) If a treaty to which Romania is to become a party comprises provisions contrary to the Constitution, its ratification shall only take place after the revision of the Constitution."

Article 20:
(1) Constitutional provisions concerning the citizens' rights and liberties shall be interpreted and enforced in conformity with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, with the convenants and other treaties Romania is a party to.
(2) In case of an inconsistency between domestic law and the international obligations resulting from the covenants and treaties on fundamental human rights to which Romania is a party, the international obligations shall take precedence, unless the Constitution or the domestic laws contain more favorable provisions.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 1(3): “Romania is a democratic and social state, governed by the rule of law, in which human dignity, the citizens' rights and freedoms, the free development of human personality, justice and political pluralism represent supreme values, in the spirit of the democratic traditions of the Romanian people and the ideals of the Revolution of December 1989, and shall be guaranteed.”

Article 22 (1): "A person's right to life and to physical and mental well-being are guaranteed."

Article 47: 
(1) The State shall be bound to take measures of economic development and social protection, of a nature to ensure a decent living standard for its citizens. 
(2) Citizens have the right to pensions, paid maternity leave, medical care in public health centres, unemployment benefits, and other forms of public or private social securities, as stipulated by the law. Citizens have the right to social assistance, according to the law.”

INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) – 1948

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) – 1966

Status: Ratificación (1974)

Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) – 1979

Status: Ratificación (1982)

Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) – 1989

Status: Ratificación (1990)

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) – 2006

Status: Ratificación (2011)

Legislación y políticas que reconocen el derecho a una alimentación adecuada

Las Directrices sobre el derecho a la alimentación, refrendadas por el Comité de Seguridad Alimentaria Mundial y aprobadas por el Consejo de la FAO, brindan orientación para lograr la realización progresiva del derecho a una alimentación adecuada en el contexto de la seguridad alimentaria nacional.

Teniendo en cuenta que se puede implementar el derecho humano a una alimentación adecuada a través de varias acciones legales y políticas, lo invitamos a visitar los Perfiles de país en FAOLEX para acceder a una amplia recopilación de medidas adoptadas a nivel nacional. Entre los varios documentos disponibles, encontrará legislación y políticas que se refieren a algunas Directrices relevantes, como la de Acceso a los recursos y bienes (Directriz 8), Inocuidad de los alimentos y protección del consumidor (Directriz 9), Apoyo a los grupos vulnerables (Directriz 13) y Catástrofes naturales y provocadas por el hombre (Directriz 16).

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