الحق في الغذاء حول العالم

اختر مستوى الاعتراف الدستوري

من أجل العثور على العناصر التي تبحث عنها، يمكن إجراء عمليات البحث عن طريق معايير مختلفة: حسب الدولة أو نوع الاعتراف الدستوري، حيث يمكن اختيار أكثر من نوع.

الحماية الواضحة للحق في الغذاء الكافي
الحماية الضمنية للحق في الغذاء الكافي
المبادئ التوجيهية لسياسة الدولة
الوضع الوطني للالتزامات الدولية
الأحكام الأخرى ذات الصلة بإعمال الحق في الغذاء الكافي
تم العثور على 28 دولة

أيرلندا

المبادئ التوجيهية لسياسة الدولة

Article 45.2: "The State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing:
i. That the citizens (all of whom, men and women equally, have the right to an adequate means of livelihood) may through their occupations find the means of making reasonable provision for their domestic needs."

الوضع الوطني للالتزامات الدولية

Article 29: "(6) No international agreement shall be part of the domestic law of the State save as may be determined by the Oireachtas."

أوغندا

المبادئ التوجيهية لسياسة الدولة

Article XIV: General social and economic objectives. - “The State shall endeavour to fulfill the fundamental rights of all Ugandans to social justice and economic development and shall, in particular, ensure that- 
(a)
 all developmental efforts are directed at ensuring the maximum social and cultural well-being of the people; and 
(b) all Ugandans enjoy rights and opportunities and access to education, health services, clean and safe water, work, decent shelter, adequate clothing, food security and pension and retirement benefits.” 

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article V:  
(i) The State shall guarantee and respect institutions which are charged by the State with responsibility for protecting and promoting human rights by providing them with adequate resources to function effectively. 
(ii) The State shall guarantee and respect the independence of nongovernmental organisations which protect and promote human rights.” 

Article VII: “The State shall make reasonable provision for the welfare and maintenance of the aged.” 

Article XXII: “The State shall- 

(a) take appropriate steps to encourage people to grow and store adequate food; 
(b) establish national food reserves; and  
(c)
 encourage and promote proper nutrition through mass education and other appropriate means in order to build a healthy State.” 

Article 8A:  
(1) Uganda shall be governed based on principles of national interest and common good enshrined in the national objectives and directive principles of state policy. 
(2) Parliament shall make relevant laws for purposes of giving full effect to clause (1) of this Article.”

إثيوبيا

الحماية الضمنية للحق في الغذاء الكافي

Article 43: "The Right to Development.

1. The Peoples of Ethiopia as a whole, and each Nation, Nationality and People in Ethiopia in particular have the right to improved living standards and to sustainable development.

2. Nationals have the right to participate in national development and, in particular, to be consulted with respect to policies and projects affecting their community.

3. All international agreements and relations concluded, established or conducted by the State shall protect and ensure Ethiopia's right to sustainable development.

4. The basic aim of development activities shall be to enhance the capacity of citizens for development and to meet their basic needs.

المبادئ التوجيهية لسياسة الدولة

Article 90.1: “To the extent the country’s resources permit, policies shall aim to provide all Ethiopians access to public health and education, clean water, housing, food and social security.”

الوضع الوطني للالتزامات الدولية

Article 13.2: “The fundamental rights and freedoms specified in this Chapter shall be interpreted in a manner conforming to the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenants on Human Rights and International instruments adopted by Ethiopia.”

إيران (جمهوريّة - الإسلامية)

المبادئ التوجيهية لسياسة الدولة

Article 3: “In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
12. the planning of a correct and just economic system, in accordance with Islamic criteria in order to create welfare, eliminate poverty, and abolish all forms of deprivation with respect to food, housing, work, health care, and the provision of social insurance for all.” 

Article 43: “The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with its objectives of achieving the economic independence of the society, uprooting poverty and deprivation, and fulfilling human needs in the process of development while preserving human liberty, is. based on the following criteria:
1. the provision of basic necessities for all citizens: housing, food, clothing, hygiene, medical treatment, education, and the necessary facilities for the establishment of a family;” 

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 29: “Every person is entitled to the enjoyment of Social Security. This covers retirement, unemployment, old age, being laid off, being without a guardian, casual misfortune, accidents, and occurrences giving rise to the need for health services and medical care and treatment.”

إكوادور

الحماية الواضحة للحق في الغذاء الكافي

Article 13: “Persons and community groups have the right to safe and permanent access to healthy, sufficient and nutritional food, preferably produced locally and in keeping with their various identities and cultural traditions. The Ecuadorian State shall promote food sovereignty.”

Article 32: "Health is a right guaranteed by the State and whose fulfillment is linked to the exercise of other rights, among which the right to water, food, education, sports, work, social security, healthy environments and others that support the good way of living. The State shall guarantee this right by means of economic, social, cultural, educational, and environmental policies; and the permanent, timely and non-exclusive access to programs, actions and services promoting and providing integral healthcare, sexual health, and reproductive health. The provision of healthcare services shall be governed by the principles of equity, universality, solidarity, interculturalism, quality, efficiency, effectiveness, prevention, and bioethics, with a gender and generational approach."

Article 45:  "Children and adolescents shall enjoy the rights that are common to all human beings, in addition to those that are specific to their age. The State shall recognize and guarantee life, including care and protection from the time of conception. Children and adolescents have the right to physical and psychological integrity; to an identity, name and citizenship; to integral health and nutrition; to education and culture, sports, and recreation; to social security, to have a family and enjoy peaceful coexistence with family and community; to social participation; to respect for their freedom and dignity; to be consulted in matters affecting them; to be educated as a priority in their own language and in the cultural context of their own people and nation; and to receive information about their parents or absent relatives, unless it is harmful to their well-being."

Article 66: “The following rights of persons are recognized and guaranteed:[...]
2. The right to a decent life that ensures health, food and nutrition, clean water, housing, environmental sanitation, education, work, employment, rest and leisure, sports, clothing, social security and other necessary social services”

المبادئ التوجيهية لسياسة الدولة

Article 3: “The State's prime duties are:
1. Guaranteeing without any discrimination whatsoever the true possession of the rights set forth in the Constitution and in international instruments, especially the rights to education, health, food, social security and water for its inhabitants.[...]

5. Planning national development, eliminating poverty, and promoting sustainable development and the equitable redistribution of resources and wealth to enable access to the good way of living.” 

Article 281: “Food sovereignty is a strategic objective and an obligation of the State in order to ensure that persons, communities, peoples and nations achieve self-sufficiency with respect to healthy and culturally appropriate food on a permanent basis. [...]”

الوضع الوطني للالتزامات الدولية

Article 10: “Persons, communities, peoples, nations and communities are bearers of rights and shall enjoy the rights guaranteed to them in the Constitution and in international instruments. [...]”

Article 417: “The international treaties ratified by Ecuador shall be subject to the provisions set forth in the Constitution. In the case of treaties and other international instruments for human rights, principles for the benefit of the human being, the nonrestriction of rights, direct applicability, and the open clause as set forth in the Constitution shall be applied.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 33: “Work is a right and a social duty, as well as an economic right, source of personal fulfillment and the basis for the economy. The State shall guarantee full respect for the dignity of working persons, a decent life, fair pay and retribution, and performance of a healthy job that is freely chosen and accepted.“

Article 42: “All arbitrary displacement is forbidden. Persons who have been displaced shall have the right to receive protection and emergency humanitarian aid from the authorities, ensuring access to food, shelter, housing, and medical and health services. [...]”

Article 46: “The State shall adopt, among others, the following measures that safeguard children and adolescents:1. Care for children under six years of age that guarantees their nutrition, health, education and dairy care in a framework of integral protection of their rights. [...]”

Article 51: “Imprisoned persons are recognized the following rights: [...] 5. Care for their education, labor, productive, cultural, food and recreational needs.”

Article 66: “The following rights of persons are recognized and guaranteed: [...] 2. The right to a decent life that ensures health, food and nutrition, clean water, housing, environmental sanitation, education, work, employment, rest and leisure, sports, clothing, social security and other necessary social services.”

البرازيل

الحماية الواضحة للحق في الغذاء الكافي

Article 6: “Education, health, food, work, housing, transportation, leisure, security, social security, protection of motherhood and childhood, and assistance to the destitute are social rights, as set forth by this Constitution.”

Art. 6º: "São direitos sociais a educação, a saúde, a alimentação, o trabalho, a moradia, o transporte, o lazer, a segurança, a previdência social, a proteção à maternidade e à infância, a assistência aos desamparados, na forma desta Constituição."

المبادئ التوجيهية لسياسة الدولة

Article 208: “The National Government's duty towards education shall be effectuated through the guarantees of (…) VII. educational assistance in all stages of basic education by means of supplemental programs of school books, teaching materials, transportation, nutrition and health care."

Art 208: “O dever do Estado com a educação será efetivado mediante a garantia de:[...] VII - atendimento ao educando, em todas as etapas da educação básica, por meio de programas suplementares de material didáticoescolar, transporte, alimentação e assistência à saúde."

 

Article 227: “It is the duty of the family, the society and the Government to assure children and adolescents, with absolute priority, the rights to life, health, nourishment, education, leisure, professional training, culture, dignity, respect, liberty and family and community harmony, in addition to safeguarding them against all forms of negligence, discrimination, exploitation, violence, cruelty and oppression.”

Art. 227:  "É dever da família, da sociedade e do Estado assegurar à criança, ao adolescente e ao jovem, com absoluta prioridade, o direito à vida, à saúde, à alimentação, à educação, ao lazer, à profissionalização, à cultura, à dignidade, ao respeito, à liberdade e à convivência familiar e comunitária, além de colocá-los a salvo de toda forma de negligência, discriminação, exploração, violência, crueldade e opressão."

الوضع الوطني للالتزامات الدولية

Article 5: ". The rules defining fundamental rights and guarantees apply immediately. . The rights and guarantees established in this Constitution do not exclude others derived from the regime and principles adopted by it, or from international treaties to which the Federative Republic of Brazil is a party. International treaties and conventions on human rights approved by both houses of the National Congress, in two different voting sessions, by three-fifths votes of their respective members, shall be equivalent to Constitutional Amendments."

Art. 5: "1°. As normas definidoras dos direitos e garantias fundamentais têm aplicação imediata. Os direitos e garantias expressos nesta Constituição não excluem outros decorrentes do regime e dos princípios por ela adotados, ou dos tratados internacionais em que a República Federativa do Brasil seja parte.  Os tratados e convenções internacionais sobre direitos humanos que forem aprovados, em cada Casa do Congresso Nacional, em dois turnos, por três quintos dos votos dos respectivos membros, serão equivalentes às emendas constitucionais."

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 7: “The following are rights of urban and rural workers, among others that aim to improve their social conditions: 
IV – nationally unified minimum monthly wage, established by law, capable of satisfying their basic living needs and those of their families with housing, food, education, health, leisure, clothing, hygiene, transportation, and social security, with periodical adjustments to maintain its purchasing power, it being forbidden to use it as an index for any purpose;”

Art. 7º: “São direitos dos trabalhadores urbanos e rurais, além de outros que visem à melhoria de sua condição social: IV - salário mínimo , fixado em lei, nacionalmente unificado, capaz de atender a suas necessidades vitais básicas e às de sua família com moradia, alimentação, educação, saúde, lazer, vestuário, higiene, transporte e previdência social, com reajustes periódicos que lhe preservem o poder aquisitivo, sendo vedada sua vinculação para qualquer fim;"

النيجر

الحماية الواضحة للحق في الغذاء الكافي

Article 12: "Each one has the right to life, to health, to physical and moral integrity, to a healthy and sufficient food supply, to potable water, to education and instruction in the conditions specified by the law.[...]"

المبادئ التوجيهية لسياسة الدولة

Article 146: "The action of the State in matters of the policies of economic and social development is supported by a strategic vision. The State makes of the creation of wealth, of growth and of the fight against inequality a major axis of its interventions. The public policies must promote food supply sovereignty, durable development, the access to all to social services as well as the improvement of the quality of life."

الوضع الوطني للالتزامات الدولية

Article 171: "The treaties or agreements regularly ratified have, from their publication, an authority superior to that of the laws, subject to, for each agreement or treaty of its application by the other party"

الهند

المبادئ التوجيهية لسياسة الدولة

Article 47: “Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health.—The State shall regard the raising of the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people and the improvement of public health as among its primary duties and, in particular, the State shall endeavour to bring about prohibition of the consumption except for medicinal purposes of intoxicating drinks and of drugs which are injurious to health.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 39: “The State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing—
(a) that the citizens, men and women equally, have the right to an adequate means of livelihood.”

Article 43: “The State shall endeavour to secure, by suitable legislation or economic organisation or in any other way, to all workers, agricultural, industrial or otherwise, work, a living wage, conditions of work ensuring a decent standard of life and full enjoyment of leisure and social and cultural opportunities and, in particular, the State shall endeavour to promote cottage industries on an individual or co-operative basis in rural areas.”

بابوا غينيا الجديدة

المبادئ التوجيهية لسياسة الدولة

Article 1: “Integral human development. - We declare our first goal to be for every person to be dynamically involved in the process of freeing himself or herself from every form of domination or oppression so that each man or woman will have the opportunity to develop as a whole person in relationship with others. We accordingly call for – 
(4) improvement in the level of nutrition and the standard of public health to enable our people to attain self fulfilment.”

باكستان

المبادئ التوجيهية لسياسة الدولة

Article 38: Promotion of social and economic well-being of the people - 
“The State shall - 
(a) secure the well-being of the people, irrespective of sex, caste, creed or race, by raising their standard of living by preventing the concentration of wealth and means of production and distribution in the hands of a few to the detriment of general interest and by ensuring equitable adjustment of rights between employers and employees, and landlords and tenants;
(b) provide for all citizens, within the available resources of the country, facilities for work and adequate livelihood with reasonable rest and leisure;

(c)  provide for all persons employed in the service of Pakistan or otherwise, social security by compulsory social insurance or other means; 
(d) provide all basic necessities of life, such as food, clothing, housing, education and medical relief, for all such citizens, irrespective of sex, caste, creed or race, as are permanently or temporarily unable to earn their livelihood on account of infirmity, sickness or unemployment.

(e) reduce disparity in the income and earnings of individuals, including persons in the various classes of the service of Pakistan; f. eliminate riba as early as possible and;

(g) ensure that the shares of the Provinces in all Federal services, including autonomous bodies and corporations established by, or under the control of, the Federal Government, shall be secured and any omission in the allocation of the shares of the Provinces in the past shall be rectified."

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