List experiments utilize indirect survey questions to reduce social desirability bias in measures of sensitive behaviours and sentiments. While often used to assess retrospective behaviour or opinions of respondents, list experiments have not been widely...

Understanding how much food is produced by farms of different sizes is central to shaping inclusive, sustainable and resilient agrifood systems. While smallholders are widely recognized as critical for local food security, especially in low-...

Over the last decade, increasing efforts have been made to estimate the number of farms and the global distribution of farmland, providing context for the ongoing discourse on the future of farms, farm sizes, food...

Research on land-related agri-environmental policies and their impact on agriculture and the environment usually focuses on individual policies in specific national and regional contexts. This study fills this gap by providing a global perspective on...

Smallholder farmers remain central to rural economies across developing countries, yet small landholdings and limited non-farm opportunities constrain their ability to achieve a living income. Using harmonized household survey data from 37 countries and panel...

There is growing empirical evidence that land degradation (e.g. loss of soil organic carbon, soil drying, increased soil erosion) is associated with increased crop yield gaps. Here, we examine how much this happens where socio-economically...

In Bhutan, transitioning from staple cultivation to high-value crops (HVCs) is high on the government's agenda to enhance agricultural profitability and attract young farmers, especially given the aging rural population. This transition is crucial for...

This working paper introduces the Crop Potential Productivity Index (CropPI), a global index that integrates Earth Observation Big Data with FAO’s Crop Requirements Database to assess the potential productivity of key staple crops (maize, wheat,...

Hunger and food insecurity reduction has stagnated in the years after the pandemic, putting the world far off course to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Target 2.1. In addition, while some progress has been...

Measures of agricultural land inequality have primarily relied on the distribution of farm size, using information from agricultural census data. In this paper, we use an expanded approach, recognizing the complexity and the multiple dimensions...