In the case of Madagascar, I would like to relate some observations that we have made. 

I) it should be agreed that ICT has impacted and could have greater impacts on rural areas as well as on agriculture. For example, Mobile Banking System reduces the risks of highwaymen and pickpocket attacks on those doing ambulant trades and farmers that just saled their produces. In addition, mobile banking system leaves traces on financial transactions where traditional banking is very costly and/or unavailable to the multitude of small farmers and small producers. Furthermore mobile phone with local radio offers the opportunity to farmers to be abreast on agriculture market information and news. Some of the information broadcast on these local chains enables community leaders to stand out to abuses as well as to respond to development call for application.

II) what is less analyzed and communicated are threats that ICT brings into the livelihood of those who control rural economy as well as on opportunity of ICT to reduce ability of politicians to manipulate votes. For example, it is well known facts that bribed local officials have the ability to change local election results. Increasing the uses of wireless access, which is the most applied technology now, for rural and agricultural development, would not be supported by politicians because most importantly, they are the one who control the local economy and local governance….Their is immediate risk for them to be publicly denounced with proof on their misconduct and/or render to them more difficult to manipulate vote. 

III) it is also observed that most of projects are carried out as “pilot” with limited consideration to sustainability as well as long term overall development.