Central America
Central America, with its seven nations, is home to nearly 50 million cattle, making livestock a cornerstone of the region’s agricultural economy. In Central America, the dominant cattle production model is a dual-purpose system, characterized by the integrated management of bovines for both milk and beef outputs. This system is especially common among small and medium-scale producers, as it provides diversified income and enhances food security in rural areas. However, this scale of cattle production presents significant environmental challenges, particularly in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, and biodiversity loss. Expanding pastureland for cattle is a leading cause of deforestation, and this not only contributes to carbon emissions but also threatens biodiversity and water resources.