East Africa
Livestock is a key economic sector and one of the main sources of income for smallholder farmers and pastoralists in Eastern Africa, accounting for about 26 percent of the agricultural GDP. Here, livestock not only provides food security, income, and employment, but is also associated with cultural, social, and religious values. Together, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, and Zimbabwe hold almost 40 percent of the total cattle herd in Africa, which counts over 150 million animals and is the largest in the region. In Eastern Africa, dairy cattle produced approximately 20 million tonnes of milk in 2023 and are distributed in an area of more than 118 million hectares. Milk consumption varies greatly among East African countries, but milk represents, on average, 80 percent of the total animal food supply.