Mainstreaming the National Land Consolidation Programme (MAINLAND)

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The average farm size in North Macedonia is approximately 1.8–1.9 hectares—considerably below the European Union average of 16.6 hectares. Moreover, small farms typically comprise five to seven separate parcels, often located far from one another and lacking adequate access to roads, irrigation and drainage infrastructure. This fragmentation of land ownership and land use remains one of the main structural challenges facing the country’s agricultural sector, limiting farm productivity, competitiveness and efficiency, as well as opportunities for modernization and economies of scale.

Since 2012, North Macedonia has taken important steps towards establishing an operational National Land Consolidation Programme. Building on these efforts, the European Union-funded MAINLAND project, implemented by FAO in close cooperation with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy (MAFWE), supported the Government in making the Programme fully operational and implementing the first round of land consolidation projects on the ground.

From 2017 to 2022, the project strengthened the technical and administrative capacities of MAFWE and other key stakeholders at central and local levels, across both the public and private sectors. It also supported the development of national expertise and practical mechanisms for managing and implementing land consolidation projects, contributing to a more productive and competitive agricultural sector aligned with European Union policies and standards.

Building upon the groundwork laid by MAINLAND, the EU and FAO jointly launched the subsequent project, "Enhancing Land Consolidation in North Macedonia" implemented from August 2022 to January 2026.

Project impact

Through MAINLAND, North Macedonia significantly reduced land fragmentation and increased the average parcel size, positioning the country as a leader in land consolidation in the Western Balkans and Eastern Europe.

Project focus areas

Awareness raising

The project increased awareness and understanding of land consolidation among farmers, landowners and key national stakeholders. In cooperation with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy (MAFWE), it organized public campaigns, community workshops, information meetings and farmer-to-farmer activities. Media events, field visits and communication materials highlighted how the European Union, FAO and MAFWE worked together to advance land consolidation in North Macedonia.

Knowledge and capacity development

The project strengthened the technical and administrative capacities of MAFWE, public institutions and private geodetic companies to implement the National Land Consolidation Programme. Training was provided to 125 MAFWE employees, 24 National Extension Agency staff, 20 specialists from other public institutions and 45 private-sector experts.

Procedures and tools

The project strengthened the legal, institutional and operational framework for land consolidation through:

  • improved legislation and implementation procedures;
  • procedures for project selection, feasibility studies, land re-allotment planning and infrastructure design;
  • a Rural Development Programme support measure for land consolidation and integrated rural infrastructure; and
  • digital tools supporting programme implementation.

Land consolidation projects

The project supported the implementation of land consolidation projects on the ground, involving more than 6 200 farmers and landowners during the feasibility phase and 2 550 farmers and landowners during the land re-allotment phase. Key results included:

  • a countrywide feasibility assessment and the selection of 21 potential project areas;
  • 14 feasibility studies for Logovardi, Optichari, Trn, Zhabeni, Sokolarci, Spanchevo, Cheshinovo, Chiflik, Dabjani, Konche, Kozhle, Carev Dvor, Stojakovo and Leshani;
  • nine land re-allotment plans and agricultural infrastructure designs for Konche, Egri, Logovardi, Optichari, Trn, Dabjani, Kozhle, Sokolarci and Spanchevo;
  • adoption of seven land re-allotment plans by participating farmers and landowners; and
  • construction of access roads and drainage and irrigation channels in Egri.

Monitoring and evaluation

Monitoring and Evaluation Plan for measuring benefits of land consolidation at both Land Consolidation Programmeand project level was developed, along with digital tools, providing basis for monitoring of land consolidation projects and the National Land Consolidation Programme.

19/10/2018

Discover how the EU-FAO “Maintreaming of the National Land Consolidation Programme” (MAINLAND) project has revolutionized agriculture in North Macedonia. By consolidating land parcels, farmers are boosting efficiency, reducing costs, and paving the way for a more competitive future.

10/02/2022

Funded by the European Union and co-funded by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the MAINLAND project is implemented in close collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy and other partners in North Macedonia, supporting farmers and ru...

Highlights

Land Consolidation Programme Details

Project Codes:

  • GCP/MCD/002/EC
  • TCP/MCD/3603/C2
  • TCP/MCD/3801

Resource Partners & Funding:

  • EU: EUR 2,500,000
  • FAO: EUR 360,000

Project Duration:

  • Mar 2017 – Nov 2022

Geo Area: North Macedonia 

Resource partners

Implementing Organization

Implementing Partner

Project factsheet

Overview of the MAINLAND project's objectives, activities, key results and impact on land consolidation in North Macedonia.

Key documents

Photo albums

Farmer Story from Egri Village

Land consolidation is the missing link for farmers in North Macedonia

Farmer Story from Spanchevo Village

Enhancing rice production in North Macedonia through land consolidation

A National Success Story

EU recognizes North Macedonia’s land consolidation progress

MAINLAND in the news

Tender announcements 

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