The university began in 1955 with the establishment of the Faculty of Agriculture and the admission of 40 students in the new term. Then, in 1956, preparations were made for the establishment of the Faculty of Medicine, and gradually other faculties became active thereafter.
Currently, Shahid Chamran University has 17 approved faculties and 1 industrial campus, with 69 educational groups, including 25 humanities groups, 10 basic sciences groups, 12 technical and engineering sciences groups, 15 agricultural and veterinary sciences groups, and 7 art groups. These groups include a total of 2 non-continuous undergraduate majors, 53 continuous undergraduate majors, 221 master's majors, 131 specialized doctoral majors, and 1 professional doctoral major. Of these, 48 master's majors and 34 specialized doctoral majors are related to the university campus, and 4 master's majors are related to electronic (virtual) courses.