大量未受承认和边缘化
世界上90%的捕捞渔民和渔业工作者从事小规模渔业,小规模渔业贡献了发展中国家渔获量的50%以上。然而,小规模渔业社区往往也是经济最贫困、政治和社会最边缘化的社区。这种边缘化通常意味着这些社区不仅无法获得饮用水和住房等基本服务,也难以得到教育和卫生服务。
该部门的大多数工作是非正式的,没有稳定的收入。这当中部分原因在于渔获量因季节而异。某些情况下,缺少渔民和渔业工作者可以参与的社会保障计划;另一些情况下,存在这样的计划,但渔民和渔业工作者无力为此按月支付费用,因而难以加入。
一般来说,捕鱼被认为是一种非常危险的职业,渔业工作者通常必须忍受长时间工作、恶劣的职业安全和健康。暴力、使用童工、强制劳役、性虐待、海上安全等问题在一些情况下会大大加剧小规模渔业行动方的易受害性。
社会发展和可持续渔业管理相结合
为使渔民和渔业工作者的权利得到承认,关键要使渔民和渔业工作者在对其本身及其所依赖的资源产生影响的决策过程中参与磋商。渔业价值链中正式和非正式行业的所有工作者都应有体面的工作条件和良好的收入,也包括迁徙工人在内,他们全球渔业中扮演着重要的角色。必须消除强制劳役、暴力和沦为债奴的现象
鉴于渔民所处的特殊环境,联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)致力于扩大和完善社会保障计划,以促进渔民的经济融入,提升 生计保障,并增强其韧性。FAO 通过深入研究小规模渔业在获取社会保障方面所面临的障碍,帮助各国提升国家能力。
《小规模渔业准则》要求小规模渔业社区通过社会和经济发展实现人权。政府应当确保在国家法律中纳入国际人权标准,包括享有充足生活水准和体面劳动的权利,以及确保满足卫生、教育和其他基本需求的权利。
《小规模渔业准则》进一步建议各国对小规模渔业社区的人力资源开发进行投资,将职业健康和安全纳入渔业管理。对加强小规模渔业社区建设的另一项重要建议是促进社会保障、支持对信贷和保险计划的获取。各国有责任制定、颁布和实施针对海上安全的法规,提供培训和易于获取的安全设备。
《小规模渔业准则》第6章是关于社会发展、就业和体面劳动的内容。
《小规模渔业准则》 指南视频
出版物
Philippines launches the National Plan of Action for Small-Scale Fisheries, the first in Asia
21/10/2024
FAO participates in first Philippines Small-Scale Fisheries National Symposium organized by Too Big To Ignore (TBTI)
20/10/2024
FAO and the Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources Hold Workshop to Validate Small-Scale Fisheries Training Needs Assessment and Market Results in Namibia
18/10/2024
FAO trained fisheries officers on best practices in post-harvest small-scale fisheries management in Ghana
15/09/2024
The ministerial declaration of the 8th Conference of Ministers Responsible for Oceans, Inland Waters, and Fisheries from the Organization of African, Caribbean, and Pacific States (OACPS) calls for the SSF Guidelines implementation
11/09/2024
The ministerial declaration, a key output of the event, highlights OACPS's commitment to strengthen ocean governance, foster sustainable development, and safeguard the rights and livelihoods of small-scale fishing communities—essential to promote food security, economic resilience, and biodiversity protection...
FAO and the government of Uganda train women working in small-scale fisheries processing
06/09/2024
Madagascar launches a National Plan of Action for Small-Scale Fisheries
02/09/2024
FAO, in collaboration with the Ministry of Fishing and the Blue Economy and the National Network of Women in Fisheries, distribute post-harvest materials and equipment and provide training to women’s associations in Madagascar
02/09/2024
Fruitful discussions and connections at the SSF Summit 2024
23/07/2024
The second Small-Scale Fisheries Summit (SSF Summit 2024), which happened in FAO headquarters in Rome from 5 to 7 July 2024, was co-organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the ...
A summary of small-scale fisheries and the SSF Guidelines at COFI 36
22/07/2024
This article summarizes how small-scale fisheries and the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (
COFI36 High Level Event - Taking stock: 10 years of the SSF Guidelines
22/07/2024
2024 marks the 10th anniversary of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines). To celebrate this milestone, a High Level Event was held on the 36th session of the Committee on Fisheries (COFI)...
The 10th anniversary of the SSF Guidelines
25/06/2024
In 2024 we celebrate the 10th anniversary of the endorsement of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines). To bring together responsible fisheries and sustainable development, the SSF Guideli...
Virtual inception meeting on new project 'Implementing the Small-Scale Fisheries Guidelines for gender-equitable and climate-resilient food systems and livelihoods - Phase 2”
15/05/2024
A virtual inception meeting was held to bring together key project stakeholders and FAO colleagues from headquarters, regional and country offices to introduce and discuss the activities that will be developed during the new FAO project 'Implementing the Small-Scale Fisheries Guide...
High-level dialogue session on National Plan of Action for Small-Scale Fisheries in Malawi
08/05/2024
A High-level dialogue session on the
FAO partners with Sweden to boost sustainable small-scale fisheries
02/03/2024
Rome – FAO has signed an agreement with Sweden on a project to boost small-scale fisheries. Sweden, through the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), will fund the project "Enhancing equitable, climate-resilient and sustainable SSF through SSF Guidelines implementation" with a contribution of SEK 70 million (USD 6.8 million)...
Passing the baton: bolstering young fishers’ roles for sustainable fisheries resources
23/02/2024
A small fisher, Agus Riyadi realized that the waters around Binuangen, West Java has high fisheries potentials and has been an essential source of livelihood for his family and local communities. “We need to protect the fisheries resources here and actively monitor their utilization, esp...
The 6th edition of the International Fishing Industry Safety and Health Conference (IFISH) focused on small-scale fisheries
26/01/2024
Rome - The International Fishing Industry Safety and Health Conference (IFISH) is the world’s only conference devoted to safety and health in fisheries and aquaculture. It’s 6th edition, from 8 to 12 January 2024, was organised by the Food and Agriculture Organizat...
New COFI Sub-Committee on Fisheries Management emphasize small-scale fisheries and sustainable fishing practices
26/01/2024
Rome – FAO Members and observers convened virtually from January 15 to 18 to exchange insights and strategies for enhancing fisheries management, considering ecological, social, economic, nutritional and gender objectives. The discussions were particularly geared towards...
New videos available to boost training on improved post-harvest small-scale fisheries practices
19/12/2023
Written by: Patrick Kimani, Ansen Ward and Manoela Militão de Siqueira
A series of training videos have been created to promote peer-to-peer learning on improved post-harvest practices. Post-harvest practices refer to activities such as handling, ...
Malawi launches national plan of action for small- scale fisheries (2023 – 2030)
07/11/2023
The Government of Malawi, through the Department of Fisheries, with support from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), launched Malawi’s National Plan of Action for the Implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (2023-2030).