Eastern Europe and Central Asia are home to several “breadbasket” zones, with significant export-oriented production of critical agricultural inputs, grains, fruits, vegetables, meat and fish. The ongoing instability of the agri-food sector in Eastern Europe and Central Asia is causing an unprecedented threat to global food security. More specifically, the war in Ukraine is disrupting regional agri-food production and supply chains, and aggravating food insecurity in some of the most fragile contexts in the world. Furthermore, Türkiye continues to host the largest number of refugees in the world, posing an immense pressure on the already limited resources of vulnerable host communities.