Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
Currently, 44 nations are classified as Least Developed Countries (LDCs). These countries face profound socio-economic and environmental vulnerabilities that hinder progress in food security and economic development. Challenges stem from limited institutional capacity, inadequate financial resources, and heavy reliance on agrarian economies and a narrow range of primary commodities, leaving them highly exposed to external shocks. Structural constraints such as low productivity, significant debt burdens, and dependence on external financing further obstruct diversification and sustainable growth.
LDCs are marked by low income levels and persistent structural barriers that restrict long-term economic advancement. Nevertheless, LDCs possess considerable potential for sustainable transformation. Their abundant human, cultural, and natural resources, growing participation in global trade, and opportunities in agriculture, forestry, and renewable energy offer strong entry points for agrifood systems transformation, climate action, and sustainable development.
With a young and increasingly dynamic workforce, LDCs are well placed to embrace innovation and adopt new technologies to foster inclusive growth. Of the 44 LDCs, 32 are in Africa, eight in Asia, one in the Caribbeans and three in the Pacific regions.
FAO's support to LDCs
Agrifood systems are central to development in LDCs, where agriculture remains a primary source of employment and income for much of the population. Transforming these systems is essential to unlocking inclusive growth, reducing poverty, and improving nutrition outcomes. FAO supports LDCs in leveraging innovation, scaling climate-smart practices, and building value chains that connect smallholders to markets.
