In Algeria agriculture is an extremely important sector of the national economy. It covers the majority of the country’s territory and takes up more than 90 per cent of the existing 1,541 municipalities. It provides direct or indirect employment to13 million Algerians living in rural areas improving the living conditions of many families. Furthermore, it is recognized that agricultural employment generates at least three other types of occupation: transport, trade, valuation. Considering the agriculture and rural development policies framework, family farming is characterized by a special link that connects economic activity, family structure and the territory. The workforce is mainly composed of family members who are not employees and whose income depends on the agricultural activity.
In Algeria, small-scale, family farming is prominent, with more than 70 per cent of farms belonging to this category. Family farming accounts for local food security of populations often relying on agricultural activity, but its production is limited in quantity.
Some indicators of family farming structure in Algeria (General Census of Agriculture, 2001)
· Agricultural workforce:
It is composed of family workers, permanent employees and seasonal employees. Family workers (both permanent and seasonal) represent a workforce of 3,349,447 employees, including 768,984 women and are distributed as follows:
- 1 460 207 holders, among which 113,270 are women;
- 1 889 240 workers constituting the family workforce, including 655,714 women;
Permanent employees are 108,556, of which 4,958 are women; seasonal employees count 963,355 workers, including 23,487 women.
Size of the exploitations: 1 023 799 exploitations identified by the GCA-2001; among them, 70 per cent of farms have less than 10 ha of UAA (Utilized Agricultural Area) and 84 per cent of farms have less than 20 ha of UAA.
Main constraints facing family farming in Algeria
Legal status of agricultural land
Significant reforms have been made in recent years in particular for public owned lands (completion of the right of use’s conversion into concession fees) and for the access to land property through purchase (property title transfers). On the contrary, no action has been undertaken with reference to the private sector, which generally has a non-titled land, thus:
- Non- titled personal property represents 252, 331 farms, namely 24, 65 per cent of the total;
- Non- titled shared property represents 261. 005 exploitations, namely 25, 49 per cent of the total;
Overall, 50. 14 per cent of the farms are non –titled and represent 41, 05 per cent of the total UAA , that is 3, 472. 344 ha.
Age of farm workers
Farm holders aged over 60 represent 37 per cent (377,388) of the total. Based on UAA size per farm, they are as follows:
- Less than 10 ha: 265 244 holders, 70 per cent of the total.
- From 10 to less than 50 ha: 90 393 holders, 24 per cent of the total.
- From 50 less than 200 ha: 6967 holders, or 1.9 per cent of the total.
With reference to women:
- 51 per cent of holders are over 60 years. Among them, 48 per cent are 70 and over.
- 2.1 per cent of women holders are under 30.
With reference to men:
- 36.2 per cent of holders is over 60 years. Among them, 43.5 per cent are 70 and over.
- 5.5 per cent of male farm managers are under 30.
Level of education
- 65 per cent of farm holders are uneducated;
- 29 per cent of them have a primary and secondary level of education; this secondary level accounts for 5 per cent of the total. The upper level accounts for only 1 per cent.
- 85 per cent of women holders are uneducated. Referring to men, the rate is 64 per cent.
- 32.6 per cent of holders under 40 years are uneducated.
Level of agricultural training
- 2.7 per cent of holders (27. 158) have received agricultural training: among them, 98.5 per cent are men and 1.5 per cent are women;
- Out of the 27,158 farm managers who have received agricultural training, 53 per cent received an advanced course and 20 per cent are senior technicians or engineers.
Access to credit and social security:
- The RFIG credit, whose cumulative granted amount is 72 billion dinars for the purchase of inputs, forage and other agricultural products in the framework of the Regulatory System for High Consumption Products (SYRPALAC);
- The federal credit, whose total granted amount is 2.3 MDA for production of milk, cereals, potato seeds, table olives and olive oil; production and distribution of small agricultural tools, irrigation, greenhouses ...;
- The leasing credit, whose overall amount of financing for the agricultural machinery program since 2008 is 3.5 MDA, of which 1.5 MDA represent the BADR-leasing financing (Algerian Bank of Rural Development).
- The emergence of a new device (2016) to allow e farmers and their dependents to benefit from social security.
Agricultural Policies and Family Farming
At present, the policies planned by the Algerian authorities to promote agriculture - and especially the family farming component - are:
- The recognition of a legal, economic and social status to family farming as a pillar of food security, of the fight against hunger and poverty and as a source of employment in rural areas, in particular for young people and women.
- The integration of family farming as a central issue in the context of agricultural, rural and food policies.
- Securing farmers by granting real property rights (especially to the most disadvantaged and most venerable, such as youth and women), promoting medium and long-term investments in small and medium-sized farms.
- Integration of the management of natural and agricultural risks in the development of agricultural, rural and food policies; and the promotion of agricultural insurances (also counting on public support, particularly during the launch phase of these devices).
- The establishment of an emergency plan to achieve farmers’ access to agricultural social insurance, which is a necessary prerequisite for setting up trained and qualified young farmers and therefore for the modernization of agriculture in Algeria.
- Facilitate the establishment of trained young farmers in the reclaimed lands, through incentive schemes that allow the rapid replacement of older farmers still active on the farms.
- The implementation of an extensive capacity-building program for farmers and breeders, focused on technical and scientific knowledge (training and extension) related to through the establishment of training institutions, technical institutes and agricultural research centres.
- The promotion of mutual agricultural credit and insurance that might could support the very risky nature of agricultural activities, being able with the capacity to allow access to credit to the majority of farmers, and to support investment in farms and therefore agricultural development.
- Focusing agricultural support on family farming and its integration; support to activities related to the protection of natural resources and the mountain, steppe and oasis environments
This text is kindly provided by the authorities of this country
- 阿富汗
- 阿尔巴尼亚
- 阿尔及利亚
- 安道尔
- 安哥拉
- 安提瓜和巴布达
- 阿根廷
- 亚美尼亚
- 澳大利亚
- 奥地利
- 阿塞拜疆
- 巴哈马
- 巴 林
- 孟加拉国
- 巴巴多斯
- 白俄罗斯
- 比利时
- 伯利兹
- 贝 宁
- 不 丹
- 玻利维亚
- 波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那
- 博茨瓦纳
- 巴 西
- 文莱达鲁萨兰国
- 保加利亚
- 布基纳法索
- 布隆迪
- 佛得角
- 柬埔寨
- 喀麦隆
- 加拿大
- 科特迪瓦
- 中非共和国
- 乍 得
- 智 利
- 中 国
- 哥伦比亚
- 科摩罗
- 刚 果
- 库克群岛
- 哥斯达黎加
- 克罗地亚
- 古 巴
- 塞浦路斯
- 捷克共和国
- 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国
- 刚果民主共和国
- 丹 麦
- 吉布提
- 多米尼克
- 多米尼加共和国
- 厄瓜多尔
- 埃 及
- 萨尔瓦多
- 赤道几内亚
- 厄立特里亚
- 爱沙尼亚
- 斯威士兰
- 埃塞俄比亚
- EUR
- 斐 济
- 芬 兰
- 法 国
- 加 蓬
- 冈比亚
- 格鲁吉亚
- 德 国
- 加 纳
- 希 腊
- 格林纳达
- 危地马拉
- 几内亚
- 几内亚比绍
- 圭亚那
- 海 地
- 洪都拉斯
- 匈牙利
- 冰 岛
- 印 度
- 印度尼西亚
- 伊 朗
- 伊拉克
- 爱尔兰
- 以色列
- 意大利
- 牙买加
- 日 本
- 约 旦
- 哈萨克斯坦
- 肯尼亚
- 基里巴斯
- 科威特
- 吉尔吉斯斯坦
- 老挝人民民主共和国
- 拉脱维亚
- 黎巴嫩
- 莱索托
- 利比里亚
- 利比亚
- 立陶宛
- 卢森堡
- 马达加斯加
- 马拉维
- 马来西亚
- 马尔代夫
- 马 里
- 马耳他
- 马绍尔群岛
- 毛里塔尼亚
- 毛里求斯
- 墨西哥
- 密克罗尼西亚
- 摩纳哥
- 蒙 古
- 黑山
- 摩洛哥
- 莫桑比克
- 缅 甸
- 纳米比亚
- 瑙 鲁
- 尼泊尔
- 荷兰王国
- 新西兰
- 尼加拉瓜
- 尼日尔
- 尼日利亚
- 纽 埃
- 挪 威
- 阿 曼
- 巴基斯坦
- 帕 劳
- 巴拿马
- 巴布亚新几内亚
- 巴拉圭
- 秘 鲁
- 菲律宾
- 波 兰
- 葡萄牙
- 卡塔尔
- 大韩民国
- 摩尔多瓦共和国
- 罗马尼亚
- 俄罗斯联邦
- 卢旺达
- 圣基茨和尼维斯
- 圣卢西亚
- 圣文森特和格林纳丁斯
- 萨摩亚
- 圣马力诺
- 沙特阿拉伯
- 圣多美和普林西比
- 塞内加尔
- 塞尔维亚
- 塞舌尔
- 塞拉利昂
- 新加坡
- 斯洛伐克
- 斯洛文尼亚
- 所罗门群岛
- 索马里
- 南 非
- 南苏丹
- 南方共同市场
- 西班牙
- 斯里兰卡
- 苏 丹
- 苏里南
- 瑞 典
- 瑞 士
- 阿拉伯叙利亚共和国
- 塔吉克斯坦
- 坦桑尼亚联合共和国
- 泰 国
- 前南斯拉夫的马其顿共和国
- 东帝汶
- 多 哥
- 汤 加
- 特立尼达和多巴哥
- 突尼斯
- 土耳其
- 土库曼斯坦
- 图瓦卢
- 乌干达
- 乌克兰
- 阿拉伯联合酋长国
- 联合王国
- 美 国
- 乌拉圭
- 乌兹别克斯坦
- 瓦努阿图
- 委内瑞拉 (玻利瓦尔共和国)
- 越 南
- 也 门
- 赞比亚
- 津巴布韦