Community engagement for inclusive rural transformation and gender equality
Community engagement is now recognized as a critical component of international development practice and humanitarian assistance. It facilitates agency and the empowerment of all social groups in rural communities, enhances local participation, sustainability and ownership, and builds upon local resources and capacities, thereby leaving no one behind.
Recognizing the importance of community engagement as a key factor in achieving a world free from hunger and poverty, and as a prerequisite for community-led collective action, FAO organized a series of five webinars between 2020 and 2021 titled ‘Community Engagement Days.’[1] This created a space for academics, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), development and humanitarian agencies and field development practitioners to come together to explore the concept of community engagement, exchange experiences and good practices as well as challenges and opportunities to bring these approaches at scale.
The webinars provided an opportunity to share research and field experiences across five interlinked themes (gender, resilience, peace, evidence, and collective action), encouraging reflection and dialogue on community engagement strategies, practices and approaches. Nearly 1,000 participants from NGOs, governments, the United Nations (UN), international development organizations, civil society, the private sector, and academia joined the series.
Based on these conversations it became clear that while multiple definitions of community engagement exist – and there is no “one size fits all” – these definitions do share common approaches (community-led, rights-based, gender-responsive/gender-transformative); principles (inclusive, participatory and people-centered, conflict-sensitive) and characteristics (contextual and adaptive, and empowering). The key outcomes of the webinars highlighted the importance of recognizing and challenging power dynamics, integrating reflexivity in research and implementation, prioritizing gender equality, fostering resilience and peace, and supporting collective action. Furthermore, the need for systematic knowledge sharing and creating spaces for ongoing dialogue and peer-to peer learning was emphasized to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of community-driven initiatives.
The Community Engagement Days webinar series was not a standalone initiative but a platform for discussion aimed at exchanging experiences, forging innovative alliances and partnerships to highlight the value of community engagement in both development and humanitarian contexts.
Given the scope of the series, the shared experiences were just a snapshot of existing approaches and practices. To provide an opportunity to expand the audience and hear voices from a variety of actors, the Rural Transformation and Gender Equality Division of FAO (ESP) initiated this call for submissions and invites stakeholders to share their experiences, good practices and views on community engagement for inclusive rural transformation and gender equality.[2]
This call for submissions is open to individuals and organizations from both the development and humanitarian sectors who have experience implementing community engagement strategies, interventions, approaches/methodologies, or innovations. It also welcomes contributions from a wide range of sectors, including agriculture, education, health, sanitation, civic engagement and others critical to inclusive rural development.
Through this initiative, FAO is eager to hear more, learn, and exchange insights both internally and externally on what interventions and practices have worked and what can be improved in community engagement and community-led collective action to achieve inclusive rural transformation and gender equality. By capturing a diverse range of contributions, FAO aims to promote the adoption and scaling-up of community engagement approaches, address barriers to their implementation and refine these practices to make them more inclusive, effective, and sustainable.
| Please use the submission template in any of the three languages (English, French or Spanish). The background document can serve as a reference for completing the template for submissions. |
The submissions will be publicly available on this webpage and featured in the proceedings report of this call, enhancing the visibility of participants' work and fostering learning, inspiration, and networking among a broader audience. Depending on the relevance and content, FAO may also include contributions in knowledge products such as case studies, compendiums, and reports, and use them to inform its work on community engagement and collective action, with due acknowledgment of the contributions. Beyond this call, the initiative offers participants the potential for continued engagement and collaboration, laying the groundwork for further learning, networking, and community-building.
Criteria for submissions
We are looking for ‘good practices’—tested methods that have proven successful in multiple settings and can be widely adopted. We also consider ‘promising practices’—innovative approaches that have shown success in a specific context and have the potential for broader application but may need more evidence or replication. Both types contribute valuable insights for continuous learning and improvement.
To ensure that relevant experiences are captured, we are looking for practices with the following criteria:
| 1. | Engagement of the community: Interventions should deliberately and actively strive to engage a wide range of segments and groups within the community to ensure inclusivity and broad-based participation, fostering a sense of ownership and collective empowerment among all community members, this should in turn strengthen community-led collective action. This means that they should go beyond merely targeting specific groups or formal structures, such as community-based organizations (farmer organizations, cooperatives, and self-help groups) as entry points. Instead, they should engage diverse groups within the community, fostering inclusivity, collective participation and shared benefits. These interventions promote a collective added value where everyone at the community level, regardless of their direct involvement, can benefit. Ideally, the community itself should be the primary entry point for the intervention, though approaches that indirectly impact the wider community are also welcome if they emphasize community value. Additionally, community-wide interventions do emphasize the participation of groups that are typically left behind. While these interventions are designed to be open to everyone, they are strategically inclusive by deliberately creating spaces and opportunities for marginalized or underserved groups to participate. |
| 2. | Inclusive and gender-responsive/transformative: The intervention should prioritize inclusivity, ensuring active engagement from all segments of the community, regardless of age, ethnicity, disability, gender identity/expression, etc. These efforts acknowledge that gender intersects with various social dimensions and identities, including age, ethnicity, indigeneity, health, psychological resilience, disability, socioeconomic and political status or other characteristics. This intersectionality creates compound inequalities and layers of disadvantage and privilege that the interventions aim to address, promoting greater inclusivity, equality, gender transformative change and positive masculinities.[3] This also involves challenging discriminatory gender social norms and unequal power dynamics and fostering attitudes and behaviors that support gender equality and women’s empowerment. |
| 3. | Rights-based and empowering: The intervention should aim for a process of change over an extended period, rather than relying on short-term or one-off activities such as workshops, trainings or consultations. It should adopt a rights-based approach[4], grounded in the principles of participation, inclusion, accountability, non-discrimination, transparency, human dignity, empowerment and agency. The intervention should position itself at the highest levels of participation (see Figure 1 below), promoting tailored and sustained engagement to achieve long-term impact. By enabling marginalized groups to influence decision-making and enhancing the capacity of individuals as rights holders to know and claim their rights, as well as ensuring that states and public authorities, as duty bearers, fulfill their obligations, accountability, impact, and sustainability can be strengthened. By recognizing and redressing structural inequalities, and by fostering the exchange and development of skills, knowledge, and confidence, community engagement enhances both practical abilities and inner resilience, ultimately contributing to sustainable development. |
| 4. | Self-facilitation and/or participatory facilitation: As a continuous and participatory process the intervention/experience can be self-facilitated by local actors from the outset, embodying bottom-up leadership, or it can be guided by an external facilitator who works closely with the community. The facilitation is focused on enhancing local stakeholders’ empowerment and ensuring their ownership and agency throughout the intervention and beyond (post-project), adopting a forward-looking approach. If the intervention is externally facilitated, facilitators should guide a participatory process that promotes community ownership and autonomy, allowing the intervention to be sustained independently after the project's conclusion. The most effective intervention facilitates the empowerment of the community to take full control, delegating authority, ensuring long-term impact. |
| 5. | Proven implementation: The intervention should either have been implemented or still be ongoing, and should incorporate learning processes throughout its execution. This includes lessons learned and results that can be shared or documented through this call. This knowledge can be generated in various ways, including local and generational knowledge, storytelling, and formal studies or evaluations. The intervention should showcase positive outcomes and lessons learned as well as challenges identified through both traditional and participatory methods. |
While FAO is particularly interested in approaches that specifically meet these criteria, we also recognize the value of methods used at specific phases of an intervention to ensure community engagement. This includes approaches for design and delivery processes or tools used for monitoring, evaluation and learning. Although the call acknowledges that meaningful engagement requires a participatory lens embedded throughout the entire planning and project cycle for higher outcomes and ownership, it is open to learning about tools and methods that support these goals at specific stages of an intervention/project.
Figure 1 Adapted from Pretty (1995), Arnstein (1969), International Association for Public Participation (IAP2), and White (1996). Figure 1 depicts various types of community participation, reflecting different levels of engagement in development interventions at community level. The progression goes from lower to higher levels of community engagement, but it does not prescribe a linear or hierarchical path. Instead, the figure offers a range of possible approaches to facilitate participation, tailored to the specific context and objectives of the intervention. As engagement deepens—from simply providing information to transferring decision-making power to the community— the community’s sense of empowerment and ownership over the process grows. Greater levels of engagement foster collective action, enhance accountability, and enable the community to take the lead in shaping their own development.
The call for submissions is open until 13 December 2024.
We thank participants in advance and look forward to learning from you!
Conveners:
- Lauren Phillips, Deputy Director, FAO - Rural Transformation and Gender Equality Division (ESP)
- Adriano Campolina, Senior Policy Officer, FAO - Rural Transformation and Gender Equality Division (ESP)
Co-facilitators:
- Christiane Monsieur, Project Coordinator, FAO - Rural Transformation and Gender Equality Division (ESP)
- Andrea Sánchez Enciso, Gender and Community Engagement Specialist, FAO - Rural Transformation and Gender Equality Division (ESP)
How to take part in this call for submissions:
To take part in this Call for submissions, please register to the FSN Forum, if you are not yet a member, or “sign in” to your account. Please review the topic note to understand the criteria we are considering for this call. If you wish to learn more about community engagement, you may refer to the background document. Once you have completed the submission template, upload it in the box “Post your contribution” on the call webpage, or, alternatively, send it to [email protected].
Please keep the length of submissions limited to 1,500 words and feel also free to attach relevant supporting materials.
[1] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2021, March 3). Tapping into community engagement for empowerment. FAO Flexible Multi-Partner Mechanism. https://www.fao.org/flexible-multipartner-mechanism/news/news-detail/en/c/1378190
[2] The call for submissions is directly aligned with the thematic components of collective action within FAO's Programme Priority Areas (PPAs), specifically Better Life 1 (Gender Equality and Rural Women’s Empowerment), Better Life 2 (Inclusive Rural Transformation) and Better Life 3 (Agriculture and Food Emergencies).
[3] A gender-transformative approach “seeks to actively examine, challenge and transform the underlying causes of gender inequalities rooted in discriminatory social institutions. As such, a gender transformative approach aims to address the unequal gendered power relations and discriminatory gender norms, attitudes, behaviours and practices, as well as discriminatory or gender-blind policies and laws, that create and perpetuate gender inequalities.” FAO, IFAD, WFP & CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform. 2023. Guidelines for measuring gender transformative change in the context of food security, nutrition and sustainable agriculture. Rome, FAO, IFAD, WFP and CGIAR. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7940en
[4] A rights-based approach to community engagement emphasizes the fundamental human rights of all individuals, ensuring equal opportunities for everyone to claim and enjoy their human rights. Central to this is agency, the ability of individuals to define their own goals and act upon them. By promoting meaningful participation, accountability, non-discrimination, transparency, human dignity, empowerment and rule of law (‘PANTHER’ principles) this approach not only addresses power imbalances and systemic barriers but also fosters individual and collective agency.
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Dear all,
I would like to begin with this question; could the best mechanisms for rural development and engagement be inclusive stakeholders; where all are involved in the affairs and decisions of the community in any area? If this is it, it must be clinically inter-web where all interface with the best strategies, programmes and projects for themselves that foster their interests. However, if we really want global community transformation and accelerated development; it must begin with rural communities, stakeholders’ inclusivity and adaptability. We should be ready to employ all stakeholders in communities irrespective of who they are, ideas and innovation. This will create community’s knowledge hub for the community’s development. This should include the local council’s leaders, elders, women, youths, civil society organizations and private sector, that forms community policies, communal government in our localities. In other words, these people are more knowledgeable and aware of the needs and challenges of every community. The roles of culture and tradition in the environs that affect them, possibly become laws and norms in the local environs. With their knowledge and awareness help can be harnessed and foster indigenous knowledge hub and programmes for the community. The belief, tradition and culture system that are retarded to the community can be abolished for transforming rural communities.
There are archaic and primitive system in some communities that need transformation and these can only be done through inclusiveness. Abolishing these traditional norms and beliefs take systematic approach from insider to carry out. Inclusive system can help transform not just infrastructural development of the community but their mindsets. For example, the educational system, innovation mechanism, women/girls rights and social system inclusion are strong effect of change. Ideas and innovations can be better manage in these rural communities by engaging their minds for productive and modern system. The transformation system can be better worked on in the local level for all to speak with one voice and mind, and participate in community discussion and policies making. They are the best to represent themselves in social delivery of the community. Challenges can be better analyzed and solved with their local language and engagement. This will help to raise and maintain local knowledge management and engagement. This can also be traded at national and international level which will help civilize and abolish primitive and archaic tradition and culture. However, this can be achieved through national and international invitation for thought provoking discussions, workshops, trainings, seminars and conferences that affect communities, thereby accelerating high connection for community practices and exchange of knowledge.
The community knowledge can be tailor towards globalization to reinstate communal system practices in an innovative form. The big factors have been beliefs and culture in these local environs. For example in Nigeria, the misconception of ethnicity for political gain, is something that can be worked on at the local level. Real communal system practice should be reintroduce to enhance national unity in order to stop the misconstrue of politics of ethnicity that divides communities. Communalism helps to stabilize political system within the community. In addition, there should be a less tradition and more modernization that strengthens civilization and national development. This will also strengthen functional family’s system instead of dysfunctional families system that causes social vices in a state.
The values system of community should be study and uphold for transformation. National values begin with community, if these values are worked on, it will reflect naturally in the system without coerce, because it is a family structure system. It could be repeated anywhere because of one voice and implementation. There are also conflictual cultures and traditions that cause insecurity in a community. These should be do-away with to allow transformation and all stakeholders’ participation in rural development.
Meanwhile, gender equality goal needs to be visited and review. Gender inequality is more of rural issue than urban, because of the level of understanding and beliefs. The tradition and local cultures have overwhelmed their civilized mindset as a result of stories by fathers and mothers. These have restricted modern transformation in different localities. Notwithstanding, there is a beautiful aspect of this that has grown and developed the community which has given room for female participation in local events, discussion and decisions. Historically, global community tends to practice universal law that supports man's headship which the female folks are much aware of and probably have long accepted. The universal behavioural trait! The reality of this is that human creature has designed it so, but, however, not to be violated, oppressed nor suppressed by man against her tender nature.
To be more effective in this gender equality campaign, the global system and organizations should intensify effort against women violations, abuse, oppression and rights etc. Male headship is a universal behavior that is difficult to campaign against. The fact remains that this can be champions and intensify as campaign against women violations, abuse and their rights instead of gender equality. It is high time we face the truth and be realistic in this universal behavioral trait and the campaign. Let's channel our energy and resources on women/girls rights instead of equality. This is not to disabuse the current world's campaign but to be more effective and achievable, let's face the fact! Let civilized rural communities through campaign on the need of women/girls rights (to education, freedom of right association, social inclusion etc) and stop women abuse, educate girl child but not in competition with men. Above all let's invest more in human rights. However, this could be seen as my opinion and summation.
In conclusion, we can work together to achieve community transformation with inclusive policies and orientation for local and global system. This will help eradicate local menace that pose threat to rural transformation and development. We can modernize community culture and tradition with inclusive system via consistent awareness and advocacy in our rural areas and standard communal system practices by stakeholders. And more can be achieve for women/girls through social inclusion, education and freedom to right associations.
Thank you.
Esosa Tiven Orhue
We Centre for Capacity Building of Voluntary Organisation (CCBVO) are happy to submit our Community Good Practice "The Rokkhagola Model". The believe that spreading the know how of the model can benefit the Indigenous community at it's best.
Best Regards
Sarwar-E-Kamal
General Secretary & Cheif Executive
CCBVO, Rajshahi
Dear Sir/Madam Specially thanks to FSN Forum given me responsibility to the Indigenous communities food systems issues.
Report have prepared in National level farmer organizations, Organized the program related with UNDFF, UNFS, UNDRIP, COP-29, Community engagement in Seed bank, Food Bank Role of Youth and Women role in the agriculture sectors. Specially Report of written with concerning with Peasant coalitions, Nepal.
I have prepared an additional Indigenous situation in Nepal, for FSN's CALL FOR SUBMISSIONS: Community engagement for inclusive rural transformation and gender equality.
Thanks for FSN Coordination body' and All of world FSN Members.
With best regards,
Dhanbahadur Magar
Our organization NIRMAN has created interesting models of inclusive rural transformation particularly through the water harvesting structures constructed on participatory mode in several villages of the tribal Block of Dasapalla in the district of Nayagarh in Odisha/India. Some of the relevant links are as under: https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7242404744785190912
https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7232250351431692289
https://x.com/nirmanodisha/status/1736786281198489647
In the participatory initiative, the village community as a whole contributes to the construction either in cash or kind/labour as the work is intended for them and is to be owned by them only. Of course in exceptional cases where they are otherwise not in a position to contribute the project cost is totally borne by NIRMAN-Karl Kübel Stiftung für Kind und Familie(KKS)-Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ,Germany) partnership with the major support coming from KKS-BMZ.
Dr. vipindas puthiyaveedu
Greetings from M S Swaminathan Research Foundation, India!
We would like to submit to the theme on Community engagement for inclusive rural transformation and gender equality based on our project on the Home Nutrition Garden implemented among indigenous communities of Wayanad, Kerala, India. The effort was supported by the SEED division of the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. The document was prepared by Dr. Vipindas and Dr. Anamika Ajay and reviewed by Dr. Rangalakshmi Raj and Dr. Shakkeela V from our institute.
Please see the attachment for details.
Best Regards,
Vipindas, PhD
Post Doctoral Fellow
M S Swaminathan Research Foundation
Dear Sir/Madam,
Hearty Greetings from Nur Banu, Executive Director, (JSS) Jananee Seba Sangstha, Farabari Hat Road, Borunagaon, Thakurgaon Sadar, Thakurgaon, Bangladesh. With due respect and humble submission, we beg to state that our organization is dedicated to the services of various types and nature of work with different research based organization for technology transfer through agriculture crop/seed production and marketing agriculture products in Rangpur and Dinajpur region, Bangladesh since 1999. Our NGO also involved in message development, design, communication strategic plan, training & making electronic display, survey, Advocacy, Seminar, Design of poster and leaflet, seeds and cloth bag items etc, for a pretty long time.
We, beg to submit herewith our proposal for making on partnership with the Community engagement for inclusive rural transformation and gender equality; for your kind consideration and necessary action. Our organization is engaged for more than 26 years with our highly specialized technical personnel’s and technical equipment’s in making activities relating to prepare innovative business plan and develop ideas about startup business and funding support to the youth and women entrepreneurs who are either in a sole proprietorship businesses including message development, even management, making training videos.
On the basis of the themes provided by the Government, national and International organizations like DAE, ASSP, SFFP, Fisheries and Livestock, Agriculture Departments and Jute research institute. As regards our capacity, we may mentioned that we have a team of skilled hands with own technical equipment’s. The members of our team have experiences in designing and producing widespread publicity materials and have the knowledge of social and institutional structure of rural Bangladesh.
Thanking you very much and anxiously waiting for your co-operation.
With the Best Regards.
Yours Sincerely,
Mrs. Nur Banu, Executive Director, Jananee Seba Sangstha (JSS)
Greetings from Senegal!
Please find attached the submissions of Plan on Community Engagement for Inclusive Rural Transformation and Gender Equality
Best regards
Marieme S. Diallo | Grants Compliance Coordinator
Plan International Senegal
Please find attached three case studies from Plan International