• Current situation: mainly adult groups and control in Yemen, Sudan, Eritrea; low numbers of adults in Algeria, Mauritania, Niger, Egypt, Ethiopia, Somalia, Oman, Pakistan, India.
• August–October: above normal rains in summer breeding areas for small-scale breeding in northern Sahel (Mauritania to western Eritrea); below normal in Yemen and Indo-Pakistan.
• August: one generation of summer breeding with low numbers of hatching and hoppers; perhaps a few small groups/swarms in northern Ethiopia in early August.
• September: scattered hoppers and fledgling (after mid-month)
  

OVERVIEW: towards the beginning of July, a few small groups and swarms arrived in northern Yemen and moved
through the country as a result of the end of spring breeding and control in Saudi Arabia. However, rainfall is scarce
and current conditions are not suitable for breeding in Yemen where control operations continue. Similarly, some
control was done in the interior of Sudan. Breeding during the summer in the northern Sahel from Mauritania to
western Eritrea is likely to be limited unless more rain occurs.

• Current situation: mainly adult groups and control in Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Algeria, Mauritania, Egypt.
• July–September: above normal rains in summer breeding areas for small-scale breeding in northern Sahel; slightly above or normal in Yemen; below normal in Indo-Pakistan.

• CAUTION: Saudi Arabia and Northwest Africa
• Current situation: mainly adult groups and control in Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Western Sahara, Algeria
• June: immature adult groups likely move to southern Mauritania and become scattered
• June–September: above normal rains in summer breeding areas for small-scale breeding in northern Sahel; slightly above or normal in Yemen; below normal in Indo-Pakistan