From 2015 to 2018, Community Biodiversity registers and Biocultural Community Protocols were developed in Benin. The national agricultural research organization Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Benin (INRAB) as well as several NGOs were involved (see submissions for detailed lists of project partners). In a first step, community biodiversity registries were established in the participating communities to identify crop, forage and agroforestry diversity in their agricultural systems. These registers can be used, for example, for the documentation of traditional knowledge associated with PGRFA, for monitoring purposes or to identify potentially interesting materials for exchange with outsiders. Biocultural Community Protocols were then developed with the objective of helping local communities to take advantage of their countries’ commitments under both the ITPGRFA and the Nagoya Protocol by establishing mechanisms to regulate access to genetic resources in their territories. These protocols can set out rights and responsibilities under customary, state and international law as the basis for engaging with external actors, such as governments, companies, academics and NGOs, and to establish the terms and conditions for access to and use of their traditional knowledge and resources.