Since 2015, Benin has developed a system for joint implementation of the Access and Benefit-sharing (ABS) provisions of the ITPGRFA and the Nagoya Protocol in the frame of a project implemented by the Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin (INRAB) and the NGO Cercle de Sauvegarde des Ressources Naturelles (CeSaReN). Bioversity International, the Darwin Project and several other partners were involved in this initiative. Project activities entailed pilot work in two communities to raise farmers' awareness of their rights and enhance their capacities for sustainable management of resources. After a series of consultations, transitional provisions called ‘National Guidelines for Access and Benefit-sharing from the Utilization of Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge (ABS)’ were developed, establishing a ‘single window’ system and delegating responsibilities to the competent national authorities. These ‘National ABS Guidelines’ were adopted by the Council of Ministers in 2017; the Decree on National ABS Guidelines was signed in September 2018. The rights of holders of traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources are protected based on standard procedures for Prior Informed Consent and Mutually Agreed Terms. Benefit-sharing contracts must be established in accordance with the provisions of the national guidelines and can include monetary or non-monetary benefits.